1 Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety—nine percent perspiration .

1. 1 Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety—nine percent perspiration . 天赋，才能 1) genius /gift / talent genius :指“最全面的天才”也指有“天才的人” Eg : LiBai was a great genius . He is a genius at mathematics . gift :侧重“天赋” Eg : She has a gift for music . Talent : 侧重“才能” Eg : He showed great talent in language .

2. 2) 百分数的构成和用法 构成 数词+percent / per cent 作主语时，谓语与后面的中心名词保持一致 用法 Eg : More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth ____covered by water . is Forty percent of the students in our school ____girls . are 注：如修饰population ,谓语常用复数 are Eg : 80 percent of the population in this town ____farmers .

3. 2 It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious . • It take sb some time to do sth • = Sb spend some time (in)doing sth on sth Sth cost sb money /time . Eg : This new book cost me ten yuan . It took me three years to finish the project . = I spent three yeas in finishing the project .

4. 2) mind n 1) (u)精神，记忆力，注意力 Lose one’s mind 失去理智 out of one’s mind 精神错乱 absence of mind Call / bring sth (back ) to (one’s )mind 心不在焉 come to /into one’s mind 出现在脑海 turn sth over in one’s mind 反复考虑 使回想起－－－ bear /keep / have sth in mind 记住

5. give one’s mind to + n /doing = 专心，致力于－－ keep one’s mind on Eg She gave her mind to studying English . = She kept her mind on studying English .

6. 2)（c ) a 意见,主意 Eg : So many men ,so many minds . 人各有志 Be in /of two minds change one’s mind make up one’s mind b 有才智的人 Eg : She was one of the most brilliant minds of the last century .

7. V (1) 当心，注意 Eg : Mind your head /step N 从句 Mind + Mind the holes in the road . Mind that you lock the door when you leave . 注意走时锁门

8. （2）介意，在意 A :Do you mind if +从句 语气委婉，从句谓语用过去时 B: Would you mine if +从句 Eg ；Do you mind if I sit here ? Would you mind if I changed my mind ? C: Do / Would you mind + n /doing / 动名词的复合结构 Eg : Do you mind my opening the window ? Do you mind cigarette ?

9. D : mind + wh –引导的从句 Eg : We don’t mind where you do it as long as you get it finished quickly . 我不管你在那儿做，只要快点儿做完就行。 用于对方道歉时的应答语 ， “没关系”“不要紧” F : Never mind . Eg :--I’,m terribly sorry for coming late . ---Never mind . Come earlier next time .

10. ( undertook , undertaken ) undertake vt Eg : The lawyer undertook the case without a fee . I can’t undertake that you will take a profit . He undertook to be here at five . He undertook a new experiment . 承担，承办 保证，断言 同意（做某事） 从事，着手，进行

11. 分析/解 （ pl) analyses Analysis n V analyze / analyse Eg : The analysis of the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police . 对谋杀现场的分析，为警察提供了一些有价值的线索。 . 教练努力分析我们失败的原因。 The coach tried to analyse the cause of our defeat

12. 3 You can’t teach a man anything .You can only help him find it within himself . within a “ 走---内，在－－－里面 ” Eg : He learned to speak English within six month . Within these old walls there was once a town b “在－－－的范围内”　不超出－－的范围” 他住的地方走２０分钟就到． Eg : He lives within 20 minutes’ walk . Do what’s within your power . 尽力而为!

13. 4 You are going to debate each other to see which branch of science is the most important and useful for society . a n (c ) “争论,辩论;讨论会,辩论会” debate Eg : a debate about the punishment for criminals 谁先发言? Who open the debate ? Education is the current focus of public debate . 教育是当前公众争论的焦点。

14. b vt “ 辩论，争论 ” 着重“双方各述己见”，内含“交锋” Eg : The government is debating the education laws . They had been debating for several hours without reaching a conclusion .

15. 6 There is no doubt that ---- ---是毫无疑问的。 doubt vt “犹豫，怀疑，不确定” + n/pron doubt 宾语从句 whether /if (肯） that(否/疑） Eg : I doubt his sincerity . 我怀疑他的诚意。 我怀疑他们是否会按时来。 I doubt_________________________, if / whether they will come on time I _________________________________the river . don’t doubt that he can swim across 我相信他能游过这条河。 Do you doubt that he will succeed ? 你怀疑他会成功吗？

16. n “怀疑，疑惑／问　”　 doubt + 同位从句　if / whether （肯） that (否） 毫无疑问，他会给你提些好的建议。 have no doubt that he will give I __________________________you some advice . 她不能肯定演唱会是否与周六晚上举行 Eg : She had her doubts whether the concert will be held on Saturday evening .

17. C in doubt “怀疑” 他不知道下一步该怎么办。 eg : He is in doubt (about ) what to do next . D without doubt “ 无疑，当然” eg : Without doubt this design is the best E beyond doubt 毋庸置疑 Eg : His ability to design the bridge is beyond doubt . 他设计这座桥的能力是毋庸置疑的。

18. . F throw doubt on sth “ 使人对某事产生怀疑” Eg：His experiments threw doubt on his teacher’s theory . G There is no doubt that----“毫无疑问－－－” Eg : There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it . 毫无疑问，这件工作他会干得很出色。

19. １　No boundaries Boundary / border / frontier Boundary 指　“边界线”主要指领土的边界。 Eg : The river is the boundary between the two countries Border 指“边界”常指边境“即沿两国边界的地区。 Eg : He waited for her at the border . 指“就一国讲的边界” Frontier eg : Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland . . 瑞典同挪威、芬兰相邻。

20. ２Imagine this you are twenty –one years old and a promisinggraduate student at one of the top universities in the world . 允诺，答应 1）Promise v sb n/pron promise + sb to do 宾语从句 Eg : Her parents promised her a new bike if she passed her exam . He has promised to meet me at 8:oo am . But she hasn’t turned up yet . They promised us that they would come .

21. 预兆／示　 eg : Early mist promises fair weather 晨雾预示好天气。 Eg : This year promises to be another good one for harvests . 今年看来又是一个丰收年。

22. n 允诺，答应 make a promise 许诺 break one’s/ a promise失信 Eg : I’ll try to go back in time , but I’m not making any promises . 我会尽力按时回来，但我不敢做保证。 Eg : He broke his promise and didn’t come to see me . keep one’s /a promise .履行诺言 eg : You can trust him .He always keeps his promise .

23. promising adj“有希望的，会成功的，有前途的” a promising youth promising crops 丰收在望的庄稼 2) Graduate n (大学)毕业生,研究生” A Cambridge graduate Tom is a physics graduate . V 毕业，获得学位 Eg : She graduated from an American college . Tom has just graduated with master’s degree in psychology .

24. 3 Most of us would probably feel very sad and give up our dream and hopes for the future . give + prep /adv的短语 A give away “赠送,泄露(秘密),暴露” Eg : The supermarket is giving away a box of sugar to everyone who comes today . The party was meant to be a surprise , but Sharon gave it away .

25. B give off 发出,放出(蒸汽,气味) eg : That tiny radiator doesn’t give off much heat . C give out “ 分发（vt)，用完，用尽(vi) Eg : Give the money out to the children . Our food supply at last gave out . His strength gave out . 他已精疲力竭了．

26. D give in “ 屈服，投降；退让（to ) eg : The government can’t be seen to give in to errorists’ demand . 不容许看见政府屈从于恐怖分子的要求． E give up “放弃（＋n/doing );让给” Eg : You’ll never guess the answer ---do you give up ? I gave up smoking two years ago .

27. 4 There did not seem much point in working on my phD –I did not expect to survive that long . 1) There is no point in doing sth “做某事没有作用／没有意义” Eg : There is no point arguing about it –we’re going and that’s that . There is very little point in trying to persuade him ; he won’t follow your advice . 再争论下去没有用－我们说走就走． 试图说服他没有用；他也不会听你的意见．

28. ２）work on /work at / work out A work on “继续工作；对---起作用；使人信服；从事于” Eg : His dancing technique is good , but he needs to work on his fitness . I’m working on my father to get him to take me to the airport . The medicine doesn’t work on him at all . 他的舞蹈技术不错，但需要在配合上下工夫． 我正在说服父亲带我去机场． 这药对他根本不起作用．

29. “从事，致力于,钻研” B work at eg : You need to work at improving your writing . As he worked very hard at his lessons , he made great progress . 你需要致力于改进你的书写 因为他努力学习功课,所以他取得很大的进步.

30. C work out eg : We need to work out the total cost of the project . Why does he behave like that ? I can’t work him out at all . Let’s hope this new job works out well for him . 我们需要计算出这项工程的总成本. 他为什么会那样做呢?我一点也不明白 让我们祝愿他的新工作进展顺利．

31. ３）expect “ 期待,预期,盼望,预料” A expect +n / pron Eg : I expect you for supper at six o’clock sharp . Most of the parents expect much of their children . 大多数父母对自己的子女给予很大的希望． B expect +to do Eg : The shop expects to make a small profit this year 这家店期望今年能赚点钱．

32. C expect sb to do Eg : You can’t expect me to approve of it . The first message is expected to arrive at 7 o’clock this evening . 你别指望我会赞成． 第一次的信息预计在今晚七点到达． . Eg : I expect he’ll pass the examination . D expect +宾语从句

33. E I don’t expect that ---- 反意疑问句与从句保持一致 我料想他不会借我们这么多的钱，是吗？ I don’t expect that he will lend us so much money , will he ? F I expect so / not eg : ---Is the famous singer going to give any performance at the evening party ? ---I expect so .

34. 4) Survive vi “　生还，幸存，在－－之后还活着” Eg : Few survived after the flood . The man was very ill , but he survived . The custom still survive . Vt “比---活的长，经受得住，经历---之后依然活着”　 eg : He survived his wife for many years . The house survived the storm . 他比妻子多活好多年。 经过暴风雨袭击，这所房屋并未倒塌。

35. ５）that adv 表程度“那么”多修饰形容词 eg : I can’t walk that far . I’ve never been out that late before . . 我从来没在外面待到这么晚。

36. 5 Yet two years had gone by and I was not that much worse . go by: • “(时间）过去；依照；顺便走访” Eg : You can’t go by what the children say . Going by what he wears , he must have come form the south . Three hours went by before we knew it . You can’t let an opportunity like that go by --- it’s too good to miss . 你不能照孩子们说的去做。 从他的穿着打扮来看，他准是从南方来的。 不知不觉中三个小时过去了。 你可不能让那样的机会溜走-----机不可失呀！

37. 6 In fact , things were going rather well for me and I had gotten engaged to a very nice gilr , Jane Wilde . Engage be/ get engaged to sb与某人订婚 A “约束/定，使定婚” Eg : Tom is engaged to Anne . be engaged (in ) “忙于某事” B “从事，着手，忙于” eg : He is engaged doing his work .

38. C engage with “与－－交战，使－－－卷入其中，咬合，衔接” eg : The teeth of one wheel engage with those of the other . D “ 引起（兴趣），雇用，预定（房间，座位） eg : This seat is engaged . We engage him as technical adviser . His good nature engages everyone . 他的善良的性情吸引每一个人。

39. 7 Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamed of . 表示前一种否定情况也适合于后者， Nor did --- • “neither / nor + be / 助动词/情态动词+主语” He isn’t fond of fast food , She can’t get there at four , I never saw him again , He doesn’t smoke , nor am I . nor can I nor did I hear from him . neither does he drink

40. 2) Dream of “梦见，梦想”+n/ doing Eg : I never dreamed of meeting you here . His dream of being a doctor has come true . 我做梦也想不到如此圆满的成功。

41. 8 Since then , Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe . (sought ,sought ) seek seek to do “ 试图，企图” Eg : I have never sought to hide my view . He sought to make peace . 我从不企图隐藏自己的观点。 他试图讲和。 seek + n / pron / doing “寻找，探索，寻求” Eg : We sought an answer to the questions ,but couldn’t find it . I will seek my doctor’s advice . Most men seek wealth ; all men seek happiness . 多数人寻求财富，所有人追求幸福。

42. ９Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand . “ 介词----+way” A by the way “顺便说说，顺便提起” Eg : By the way , what happened to the money ? 顺便问一句，那比钱后来怎么样了？　 B in the / one’s way “妨碍某人，阻挠某人” Eg : If you are in the way , you should say sorry .

43. C by way of “经由，经过” Eg : The president came to China by way of Japan D acrossthe way “ 路对面，街对面” Eg : The post office is just across the way . F ina way “ 有几分，稍微，在某一方面；在某种意义上；在某中程度上” Eg : You are right in a way

44. G in this way “以这种方式” Eg : Only in this way can you improve your English . H on one’s way to “到---去的途中” Eg : We’ll have to stop for fuel on the way to the airport .

45. 10 Scientists , on the other hand ,Hawking writes , know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out be wrong . • On the one hand , on the other hand • “ 一方面----另一方面” Eg : I want to go to the party , but on the other hand I ought to study . On the one hand I’d like a job which pays more , but on the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment .

46. 2) turn out “ 生产，出产”+doing Eg : We are to turn out 100,000 computers next year to meet the market requirements . “ 结果是，原来是”　 多用过去时态，＋不定式／从句 Eg : Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen . The plan turned out to be failure . It turned out that she had known him when they were children . 事情正如教授所预见的那样。 结果证明他们小时侯时她就已认识他了。

47. “翻出，倒空” Eg : We turned out all the cupboards and drawers and found things we hadn’t seen for years . “驱逐（某人）出去” Eg: He was turned out of his flat because he couldn’t pay the rent . “打扮，装束” Eg : She’s always beautifully turned out .

48. 11 First , they carefully observe what they are interested in . observe / watch / notice / see 感官动词 “ 看” + 名词/代词/复合宾语 observe : 指借助仪器，设备“仔细观察，观测；说” Eg : I observed him going out . He observed that we should probably have rain 他说我们可能会遇到雨。

49. watch 多指“聚精会神地观看（电视，比赛），监视” Eg : Do you often watch television ? He was watching the crowd go by 他注视着人群走过。 The man is being watched by the police . . .

50. notice “ 无意识地注意到” Eg : He noticed me entering the room . No one noticed anything unusual ? See “看见，看到”强调“看”的结果，也可以表示“目 睹，见证” Eg : I looked but saw nothing . Please see who is at the door . The 19 t h century saw many changes . 许多变革发生于19世纪。