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Wind Power: The Industry, Technology, and Potential for Vermont Johnson State College

Wind Power: The Industry, Technology, and Potential for Vermont Johnson State College December 5, 2007 Larry Jacobs, NRG Systems ltj@nrgsystems.com. NRG Systems – Company Facts. Located in Hinesburg, VT. Manufacturing, Engineering, R&D, Sales, and Operations.

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Wind Power: The Industry, Technology, and Potential for Vermont Johnson State College

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  1. Wind Power: The Industry, Technology, and Potential for Vermont Johnson State College December 5, 2007 Larry Jacobs, NRG Systems ltj@nrgsystems.com

  2. NRG Systems – Company Facts Located in Hinesburg, VT. • Manufacturing, Engineering, R&D, Sales, and Operations. 25th Year of servicing the wind power industry! Rough 85 Employees. 46,000 sq-ft “Green” manufacturing facility (and growing). Products include: turbine control sensors;mettowers, sensors, loggers, software for wind assessment.

  3. Global Energy Trends… Urbanization • Population will grow to 7.5 billion by 2020 (> of 1.1 billion) • Power consumption will grow at 5.2% per year for developing regions • There will be 15 new cities by 2015 (>10M population) Resource Scarcity • 70% of world oil & gas supplies come from politically unstable countries Environmental Focus • There has been a 40% increase in air pollution over the past 20 years

  4. “As we have become more efficient in extracting energy sources such as coal, oil, gas and uranium, more efficient in converting those sources to electricity, and more efficient in using electricity, we have used more electricity, not less.” – James Haines, CEO (retired) Westar Energy. To meet the energy demand of all households worldwide, energy supplies must double by 2050. - World Energy Council, London

  5. Increase in Energy Consumption 2002 2020 Gas + 58% Oil + 38% Coal + 34% Will supply meet this demand??

  6. Wind: Ready to Become a Significant Power Source At current growth rates, 150,000 MW of wind power could be installed by 2020 Wind currently produces less than 1% of the nation’s power. Source: Energy Information Agency

  7. Wind Power… • Is a renewable source of energy • Wind is free • “. . . it’s possible we could generate up to 20% of our electricity needs through wind . . .” • President George W. Bush, February 21, 2006 • To produce this 20% it would require the development of only 0.6% of the land area of the lower 48 states • Wind power industry is growing at ~ 30% per year

  8. Wind power is the biggest contributor to the green power market… Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory

  9. Wind Power is Growing Worldwide 1. Germany: 20,622 MW 2. Spain: 11,615 MW 3. U.S.: 11,575 MW 4. India: 6,270 MW 5. Denmark: 3,136 MW

  10. Just how big is the US wind resource? • In 1991 Department Of Energy contracted with the • Pacific Northwest Laboratory who estimated the US resource at • 2.1 Million MW's • Wind Electric Resource Potential * Installed & Projected MW - AWEA ** Wind Energy Potential - An Assessment of the Available Windy Land Area and Wind Energy Potential in the Contiguous United States, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, 1991. (Potential" is stated in terms of average Megawatts of Capacity (MWa), or megawatts of capacity at 100% capacity factor.)

  11. Expectations for Future Growth • At current rates of development, the U.S. could see . . . • 15,000 MW of wind power installed by end of 2007 • 25,000 MW by end of 2010 • 50,000 MW by end of 2015 • 100,000 MW total by end of 2020 • *accumulated

  12. Windpower 2007 Los Angeles Convention Center June 4-6, 2007 • 7,000 delegates • 5,000 delegates in 2006 • More than 400 exhibitors • 290 exhibitors in 2006 • Governors from Montana and Iowa and Mayor of Los Angeles addressed the opening session “Montana is going to be a leader in wind energy. The market wants it and we’ll supply it.” Brian Schweitzer, Governor of Montana

  13. Benefits of Wind Power:Economic Development • Lease payments to rural landowners • Increased tax revenue • Boost to local economy

  14. Benefits of Wind Power:Economic Development • Case Study: 162-MW Colorado Green Project near Lamar, CO • $3,000-$6,000 per 1.5-MW turbine in revenue to farmers • Up to 400 construction, 15-20 ongoing O&M jobs • Sales tax revenues jumped 62% in one year, from $95,000 to $154,450. The tax base has increased by 29%. Source: U.S. DOE report, “From Snack Bars to Rebar” by Craig Cox

  15. Turbine Technology 1985 1990 1996 1999 2005 2008 Rotor Diameter (m) 17 27 40 50 104 120 Rated Capacity (kW) 100 225 550 750 3,600 5,000

  16. Large scale wind turbines: 1.5 – 2.0 MW (onshore) 3.0 – 5.0 MW (offshore)

  17. 80m (263’) rotor Boeing747 Vestas V-80 2 MW turbine on 80m tower

  18. Ridgelines are great wind resource… South Euboia, Greece

  19. Wind Energy in Vermont… Wind energy is a function of elevation – 3200’ sites (20 mph) have 8 times the energy of 200’ sites (10 mph) in the Champlain Valley Wind farms need 2000’ to 3400’ sites. Above 3400’ icing and fragile environments a problem. Wind farms will be smaller, 10 – 50 MW range, 6000-8000 MW of potential Turbine size will be 1.5 – 2.5 MW (200’ dia. rotors and 200’+ towers). Tower height matters as the wind increases with height Small wind turbines will be near homes, farms/businesses at lower sites

  20. Searsburg, VT – 6 MW 11 Turbines, 0.55 MW each at 2800’ 18 mph annual average wind Speed 6.5 cent power GMP installed in 1997

  21. Economic Development… • Wind industry is a $15 billion/year worldwide industry – growing at 35+%/yr. • A fast growing industry that Vermont can compete worldwide in engineering, components, services, support, small wind • Huge export potential for components– NRG exports ~ 55% of sales out of the US to 120 countries. • Need strong state policy support • - Vermont “Green Image” • - The Vermont “Brand”

  22. World Leaders in Wind Power Capacity: (cumulative as of 2006) 1. Germany 2. Spain 3. United States 4. India 5. Denmark

  23. U.S. Leaders in Wind Power Capacity: (cumulative as of 2006) 1. Texas 2. California 3. Iowa 4. Minnesota 5. Washington

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