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Microbiology

Microbiology. Agustin Krisna Wardani. What is microbiology?. Study of microscopic (living ) things  microorganism. The three-domain system is a biological classification introduced by Carl Woese in 1990. Size of microbes. Bacteria : 1.0 – 0.5 x 1.0 – 10 m m

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Microbiology

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  1. Microbiology Agustin KrisnaWardani

  2. What is microbiology? Study of microscopic (living ) things  microorganism

  3. The three-domain system is a biological classification introduced by Carl Woese in 1990

  4. Size of microbes • Bacteria : 1.0 – 0.5 x 1.0 – 10 mm • Fungi : 8.0 – 15 x 4.0 – 8 mm • Alga : 28 – 32 x 8.0 – 12 mm • Protozoa: 0.01 – 0.5 mm • Virus : 0.015 – 0.3 mm • (Human eye) can see 0.1 mm (1 x 10-3 m)

  5. Tools of Microbiology • Light Microscope - live specimens - 1,000 x mag. or less • Electron Microscope - non-living specimens - > 1,000 x mag.

  6. Microscope Light microscope Electron microscope

  7. Techniques of Microbiology • Staining – to better see structures • Microbial Culture - growing the microbe • Container for microbe culture - usually Petri dish • Culture media - Food for the microbes - E.g. Agar – (from red algae) - Others such as nutrient broths

  8. Staining

  9. Solid media

  10. Liquid media

  11. Scope of Microbiology • Environmental Microbiology • Industrial Microbiology • Agricultural Microbiology • Medical Microbiology • Food Microbiology

  12. What is the importance of studying microbiology?

  13. Benefits • Genetic engineering • Synthesis of chemical products • Recycling sewage • Bioremediation: use microbes to remove toxins (oil spills) • Use of microbes to control crop pests • Manufacture of food and drink

  14. Harmful effects • Cause disease (basis for bioterrorism) • Food spoilage • Food poisoning Listeria Staphylococcus aureus Flu virus Yersinia HIV

  15. History of Microbiology • 1590 – First compound light microscope Zacharias Janssen

  16. 1674 –Van Leeuwenhoek discover microorganism

  17. 1796 – First vaccine (smallpox) Edward Jenner

  18. 1859 – disproved theory of Spontaneous generation • Pure culture technique Louis Pasteur

  19. 1867 Antiseptic Surgery/techniques Joseph Lister

  20. 1876 – specific m.o cause specific diseases • Pure culture technique Robert Koch

  21. 1885 - Vaccine against Rabies Louis Pasteur

  22. 1929 Discovery of Penicillin (first antibiotic) Alexander Fleming

  23. 1938 – First Electron Microscope • The electron microscope is capable of magnifying biological specimens up to one million times. These computer enhanced images of 1. smallpox, 2. herpes simplex, and 3. mumps are magnified, respectively, 150,000, 150,000 and 90,000 times.

  24. History 1953 Structure of DNA Revealed Watson & Crick

  25. 1954 Polio Vaccine Jonas Salk

  26. Microbiology today • Immunology  clinical application of immune reaction, diagnose disease. • Virology  phage therapy • Genetic engineering/ Recombinant DNA Tech.  improvement of microorganism

  27. References: • Introduction of Microbiology, Third Edition. 2004. John L. Ingraham, Catherine A. Ingraham. • Principles of Modern Microbiology. 2008. Mark Wheelis.

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