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Classification

Classification. I. Introduction. Classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities B. Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms. II. How Are Organisms Classified?. Structure a. etc. bones 2. Evolutionary history

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Classification

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  1. Classification

  2. I. Introduction • Classificationis the grouping of objects or information based on similarities B.Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms

  3. II. How Are Organisms Classified? • Structure a. etc. bones 2. Evolutionary history 3. Development a. embryology

  4. 4. Biochemistry a. DNA/RNA 5. Behavior a. mating rituals

  5. III. History of Classification A. Aristotle divided organisms into plants and animals

  6. B. Linnaeus grouped organisms on the basis of structure 1. Created 2-word naming system called binomial nomenclature a. 1st word identifies the genus in which the organism belongs- always capitalized b. 2nd word is descriptive of the organism. It is lowercase.

  7. c. Names are Latinized. d. No 2 organisms have the same scientific name. e. Scientific names are written as follows: 1) Genus species or Genus species 2) Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens

  8. Canis familiaris : Domestic dog Felis domesticus Domestic cat Carassius auratus Goldfish Pogona vitticeps Bearded Dragon Rosa macdub Red Rose

  9. C. Why give scientific names? 1. Some organisms have more than one common name. Ex. English sparrow and house sparrow 2. Two organisms may have the same common name Ex. Roaches

  10. 3. Common names may not accurately describe an organism. Ex. Seahorse

  11. IV. The 7 Taxonomic Categories • Example of the bobcat

  12. B. What is a bobcat’s scientific name? 1. Lynx rufus or Lynx rufus

  13. V. Kingdoms of Life • Eubacteria & Archeabacteria 1. Only prokaryotes 2. Microscopic 3. Almost all unicellular 4. Bacteria 5. Found in all habitats 6. Heterotrophic or autotrophic 7. Ex. E. coli, Oscillatoria

  14. B. Protista 1. Eukaryotes 2. Unicellular and Multicellular 3. Found in moist environments 4. Ex. Paramecium, algae

  15. Amoeba Protozoa Red tide caused by dinoflagellates

  16. C. Fungi 1. Eukaryote 2. Unicellular or multicellular 3. Heterotroph 4. Decompose dead organisms and wastes in the environment 5. Stationary- don’t move 6. Ex. Mushrooms, yeasts, molds

  17. D. Plantae 1. Eukaryotic 2. Multicellular 3. Stationary 4. Photosynthetic autotrophs 5. Ex. Ferns, flowering plants

  18. E. Animalia 1. Multicellular 2. Heterotrophs 3. Systems such as nervous and muscle 4. Ex. Insects, mammals, worms

  19. F. Eubacteria & Archeabacteria used to be group into which kingdom? 1. Monera

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