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Progress in Water Safety Plans in the WHO European Region

Progress in Water Safety Plans in the WHO European Region. watsan@ecr.euro.who.int. WHY …. WHO Guidelines Guidelines as basis for national standards Best available scientific evidence & expert consensus Focus on health protection and promotion Microbial, chemical and radiological hazards

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Progress in Water Safety Plans in the WHO European Region

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  1. Progress in Water Safety Plans in the WHO European Region watsan@ecr.euro.who.int

  2. WHY … WHO Guidelines • Guidelines as basis for national standards • Best available scientific evidence & expert consensus • Focus on health protection and promotion • Microbial, chemical and radiological hazards • All types of water supply • Subject to “rolling revision” – next 2008 IWA Conf Istanbul

  3. WHY … 3rd Revision of the Guidelines (2004) • Continued important morbidity level • Repeated outbreaks of water-related disease • Long-established principles needed to be systematised • Need for safety management “from source to tap” • Increased information on parameters makes parametric control increasingly expensive and difficult IWA Conf Istanbul

  4. Water resources & sources Distribution system Treatment Consumer system Up to 24 hours later Parametric deviation detected:Too late to do much good IWA Conf Istanbul

  5. Need for more holistic approach IWA Conf Istanbul

  6. FSDW: Health-based targets • From national public health authority • Quantitative public health benchmark • Different types for different situations • Specified technology • Specified performance targets • Targets for water “quality” • Targets for desired health outcomes IWA Conf Istanbul

  7. WSP1: System assessment Can the “system” deliver water meeting the health-based targets? • Identify hazards and threats • Which steps prevent/reduce contamination? • Do their combined efforts lead to water safety ? • Outcome defines system improvements IWA Conf Istanbul

  8. Risk assessment risk management • Risk avoidance : management of the resource - EUWFD • Risk removal : operating procedures and actions remove risk throughout the production, distribution and delivery. • Water supply relies on an incremental risk reduction by a number of barriers IWA Conf Istanbul

  9. Disinfection Booster pumping Storage Water Treatment Works Disinfection Water Treatment Works Water supply is complex Resource • Water supply is a sum of parts • Control measures are activities • Most controls are not engineered • Standard Operating Procedures apply • More barriers = more confidence IWA Conf Istanbul

  10. WSP 2: Operational monitoring Monitoring control measures ensure system consistently meets targets • Monitoring at each step identified in system assessment to ensure controls are working • Monitoring frequency appropriate to step • Reduces reliance on end-point testing IWA Conf Istanbul

  11. IWA Conf Istanbul

  12. WSP 3: Management plans Documenting system assessment (including upgrading plans) and monitoring and describing management in normal and incident conditions including communication plans • Procedures for routine management • Procedures for emergencies and “incidents” • Communication lines and info management IWA Conf Istanbul

  13. FSDW Surveillance/Verification Systematic independent surveillance to verify that the Water Safety Plan is operating properly • Different approaches • Direct investigation: end-point testing as final “check” • Audit of the entire WSP • To be used as long-term database IWA Conf Istanbul

  14. WSPs are dynamic… IWA Conf Istanbul

  15. HOW & WHEN • Preparatory project meeting • WHO regional office for Europe 22 May 2006 • Field visits using questionnaires & interviews at centralized water utilities and small scale water supply systems • Summary meeting • WHO Headquarters 2007 • Presentation to Art 12 Committee May 2007 IWA Conf Istanbul

  16. WHERE IWA Conf Istanbul

  17. General recommendations • Soundness and feasibility • Benefits (health) • Benefits (utility) • Benefits (consumers) • Costs • Additional concerns IWA Conf Istanbul

  18. SOUND AND FEASIBLE • WSP complements current end-product testing requirements and continuously safeguards health. • Feasibility assessment on location generally favourable. • WSP-type approach needs to be in wider framework of surveillance and support. • Characteristics of small water supply systems need to be recognized. IWA Conf Istanbul

  19. Public health benefits • Equitable societal benefits require that WSP-type approaches apply regardless of structure, management, size or origin. • Greater confidence in management of “overlooked” supplies. • Better understanding in operational aspects of supplying drinking water. • (Better) cooperation between supplier, health and environment sector. • RARM include evaluation of disruptions and ultimately increased reliability IWA Conf Istanbul

  20. Benefits to suppliers • Satisfied customers who trust their suppliers • Often better understanding of their own system with documented and SOP • Mutual support systems • Regulatory harmony • Much greater due diligence in rare cases where things do go wrong IWA Conf Istanbul

  21. Reality test assessing robustness of system and quality of management system Targets resources towards critical issues Promotes reasonable basis for investments Effective tool in priority setting for capital and operational expenses Cost are self-regulatory Benefits outweigh the costs of the implementation of WSP Smaller utilities may face a higher burden Health impacts may remain below the detection level except for outbreaks Utility cost benefits IWA Conf Istanbul

  22. Benefits to consumers • Better drinking water • Improved reliability of the quality of the water supplied • Improved reliability of the continuity of the water supply, and in the pressure at tap • Greater confidence in their supplies, and in their suppliers • SAFE AND TRUSTED DRINKING WATER AT TAP IWA Conf Istanbul

  23. Project results • General recommendations • Legal issues • Supporting measures IWA Conf Istanbul

  24. Project results • General recommendations • Legal issues • Supporting measures IWA Conf Istanbul

  25. Guidance documents • Guidance documents developed, also with assistance of professional associations. • Training needed by national staff. • Information and outreach needed o public at large to ensure buy-in during implementation. • Standardized guidance through the WHO IWA Water Safety Plan Manual IWA Conf Istanbul

  26. A picture is worth a thousand words… IWA Conf Istanbul

  27. Preparation IWA Conf Istanbul

  28. Risk assessment matrix • Risk assessment risk management matrix (Lenzburg) IWA Conf Istanbul

  29. Importance of senior management support IWA Conf Istanbul

  30. Documentation IWA Conf Istanbul

  31. Systems at risk from trespassers … or vice versa IWA Conf Istanbul

  32. Prevention IWA Conf Istanbul

  33. Verification IWA Conf Istanbul

  34. Old and new IWA Conf Istanbul

  35. Private water supplies • Unknown origin • Unknown level of protection • But can be producing very important volumes IWA Conf Istanbul

  36. Speeches are like steer horns - a point here - a point there - and a lot of bull in between IWA Conf Istanbul

  37. Do we produce water that future generations can safely drink? IWA Conf Istanbul

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