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Unit 4: Medical Technologies

Unit 4: Medical Technologies. - any format of machinery that is used to operate or perform medical procedures. MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES. To know if something is “wrong” you need to know what is “right”. Primary Vital Signs and Normal Ranges http://www.med.ucla.edu/wilkes/intro.html.

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Unit 4: Medical Technologies

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  1. Unit 4: Medical Technologies

  2. - any format of machinery that is used to operate or perform medical procedures MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES

  3. To know if something is “wrong” you need to know what is “right” • Primary Vital Signs and Normal Ranges • http://www.med.ucla.edu/wilkes/intro.html

  4. Primary Vital Signs • Allow for a basic assessment of body function • Temperature • Blood Pressure • Pulse (heart rate) • Respiratory Rate

  5. Each of these has a normal range, a range that’s common in 95% of the population • The normal range will vary with sex, age, fitness, ethnicity, etc.

  6. 1. Temperature • Proteins are affected by body temperatures, therefore we usually thermoregulate to maintain a constant core temperature (36.8 +/- 0.7)

  7. How do we thermoregulate? • When we are hot: we sweat, the hairs on our bodies lie flat and our blood vessels become wider (vasodilation) • When we are cold: we shiver, we get goose bumps to trap heat and we vasoconstrict

  8. High core body temperature can indicate • Infection (a temporary re-setting of the thermostat, part of non-specific immunity) • Hyperthermia (loss of thermoregulation due to heat stroke or drug reaction)

  9. low core body temperature (hypothermia) is normally due to exposure to low temperatures

  10. 2. Blood Pressure • Pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the blood vessels • Composed of two readings • Systolic: maximal contraction (ventricular) of heart (115 mm Hg) • Diastolic: resting pressure (70 mm Hg) • 115/70 is “normal” • http://www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_DisplayAnimation.aspx?gcid=000013&ptid=17

  11. Measured using a sphygmomanometer • http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/bloodpressure.html

  12. hypertension • Blood pressure is abnormally high • A risk factor for strokes, heart attacks, heart failure • Shortens life expectancy Causes: • Very complex, but risk factors include sedentary life style, obesity, salt sensitivity

  13. hypotension • Blood pressure abnormally low • Usually shows as dizziness, sometimes fainting • Can be due to hormonal changes, widening of blood vessels, side effects of medicines, etc.

  14. 3. Pulse (heart rate) • Physical expansion of the artery • Varies with age, in an adult 50-80 beats per minute • Bradycardia: below 60 bpm • Tachycardia: above 100 bpm

  15. DIY: pair up and exercise your heart! 

  16. 4. Respiration Rate • Normal adult 12-2o breaths per minute

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