ITALIAN NATIONAL VALUES AND SCHOOL

1. ITALIAN NATIONAL VALUES AND SCHOOL

2. Italian School system • Our school sistem doesn’t provide teachings directed to the trsmission of folk traditions . • The creation and enhancement of national identity is through : • the values of ‘national unity : the Risorgimento • The achievement of freedom through anti-fascism and the Resistance • The Core Values of thre formation of the pupils are those contained in the first part of our Constitution, the Manifesto of the values of democracy and active participation. • The Italian cultural identity is given by enhancing the artistic and cultural landscape heritage.

3. Before and after the unification of Italy. • The making and the unification of Italy dates back to the 1861 . • States different in culture and history were unified in a single nation. • ʺMade Italy it is necessary to make the Italiansʺ

4. THE RISORGIMENTO • The deed of the Mille (thousand) • Garibaldi • Mazzini and the Giovine Italia-Young Italy (Ataturk)

5. Garibaldi e the deed of the thousand/ Mille «What are theseyoungpeoplewhogavetheirlives in name of the freedom, indipendence and unity, ifnotheroes?» Giorgio Napolitano, President of the Italian Republic The revolutionarymovementwhichculminated in the Expedition of the Thousand in 1861, obtained the unification of the states on the italianterritory in a single country.. The kingdom of Italywasbornwhichbecame a Republic in 1945. Symbol of the 150° anniversary of the unity of Italy Before and after the unity of Italy

6.  On April 4°, 1860 Palermo rebelled And the rebellion quelled in the city continued to spread in the country. The thousand (precisely 1084) left from Quarto, nearby Genova, on 5 May 1860 by two steamship,il Piemonte e il Lombardo. Headed byGiuseppe Garibaldi the thousand joined to the rebels : the conquest of the Two Sicilies kingdom starts . The following conquests and annexation gave birth to the new Italian nation.

7. Anti-Fascism and the Resistance • Between the most representative values of the Italian school, there are the concepts of freedom and anti-fascism. • They are taught at all levels of school, because young people will never forget the sacrifice of national heroes. During the years of World War II, the Allies contributed to the success of the clandestine groups of partisans and opponentsThe termresistance, was not used by the Italian,it was adopted after the war, by analogy to the French word "Resistance“. The Resistance, as it was called the fight against fascism and Nazism, had a very high cost for the civil population. The Nazis multiplied reprisals, arrests, regardless of things and works of entire countries. After September 8th, Italy was divided into two: in the north-center formed the Republic of Salo, led by Mussolini and supported by the Germans and on the South the Kingdom of Italy resisted , supported by the Allies. On April 25, 1945, National Day, Italy was freed and Mussolini shot. • Several formations of partisans divided into brigades or divisions: Garibaldi brigades, brigades Justice and Freedom

8. Projects relating to values Among the values thought in our school are those which allow our students to grow and develop not only at academic but also at human and cultural level providing social and civic competences. Active Citizenship is a cross-curricular subject whose aim is to educate to active citizenship, democracy and responsable participation , fundamental social values from a global/ local perspective.

9. Projects are carried out in order to fulfill these aims, in particular: LEGALITY to promote the culture of legality as a basic step towards participatory citizenship in particular we cooperate with TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL an international organization fighting corruption at any level. Projects against MAFIA incliding meetings with people directly involved in the battle against the mafia are carried out. Policeman for a day: students go for a day and experience what does it mean to be engaged in working at the police station AFFECTIVENESS/HEALTH/NUTRITION /ENVIRONMENT projects aiming to develop personal and social well-being and to acquire a healthy life-style. GENDER/HANDICAP/MULTICULTURALITY projects aiming to make students aware of basic concepts relating the individuals, groups, gender equality and non-discrimination society and culture. In Italian schools specialized teachers help students with cognitive/body disabilities to integrate in classes with other students ; the presence of students of other countries and the mobilities of Comenius projects, help students to develop intercultural communication, to overcome prejudices, and respect others' diversity.

10. LOCAL TRADITIONS • The knowledge and promotion of local cultural traditions is through the implementation of projects. • Pupils are guided to the knowledge of religious traditions, works, related to the territory (sulfur, agri-fishing, handicrafts) • Specificity of the dialect.

11. One of the values, object of the school teaching is the respectof landscape, artisic and cultural heritage. Tracing back the Italian history, youth-people are guided to the knowledge and enhancement of the Italian language coming from latin. Its comfirmation as an instrument of communication and cultural unification has taken place overlapping to the regional dialect speeches. The works concerning the rich artistic italian heritage are matter of study and constitute a common knowledge of all the pupils of compulsory school. Another important value is that of the knowledge and respect of the Environment which is delveloped through specific projects.

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