Unit 10 Ambition and Success

1. Unit 10Ambition and Success

2. Unit 10 Ambition and Success

3. They set high standards and work very hard to meet them. • They read widely and are interested in everything around them. • They have a wide circle of friends and work hard at maintaining relationships. • They are always focused on improving themselves and their performance. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Lead-in I. Here are eight characteristics of successful people. Which of them do you have? Tick (√) them.

4. 5. They are creative and constantly looking for new ideas. 6. They learn from their mistakes and move on. 7. They are patient and calm. 8. If they see an opportunity, they seize it. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Lead-in

5. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Lead-in II. Work in pairs. Talk about the characteristics above. Example W: I read widely and I’m interested in everything around me. M: That’s good. You’ll probably be very knowledgeable (博学的) in the future.

6. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Lead-in When talking about the future, we use a range of expressions to show how sure we are that something will happen: Hopefully, you’ll … You’ll probably … You’re bound to … You’ll definitely …

7. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Background Information pass the buck 把责任推给另一个人 这个词组的起源和poker game（纸牌游戏）有关。据说，在19世纪的纸牌戏中，buck是指“（猎兽用)大型铅弹”或者“带有用鹿角做的手柄的刀”。当轮到某个人发牌时，buck就会被转交给这个人。在1865年，pass the buck成为纸牌术语，意思是“把发牌权转交给某人”。后来pass the buck的意思就演变成“把责任推给另一个人”。

8. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation On the path to success, mistakes are inevitable. What shall we do when we’ve made a mistake? Some leading career experts offer some tips on this. TEXT A

9. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation Dealing with Mistakes 1Everyone makes mistakes from time to time. It is a common part of life. No one can expect to go through life mistake-free. The only question is how you react to the mistake. Here are some tips on how to deal with mistakes in the workplace.

10. 2 Step 1—Admit your mistake It’s inevitable that at some point, you will make a mistake at work. This is only human. Even bosses make mistakes, so they won’t necessarily be as angry or hostile as you might expect. A lot depends on what you do to improve the situation. Firstly, face up to the problem. Acknowledge to yourself what has happened and take a few moments to think about how you can handle any problems which may arise as a consequence. Then go and inform your boss of the situation and tell him/her your plans for dealing with it. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation

11. Being honest and accepting responsibility will reduce the amount of anger aimed at you. Don’t pass the buck and place the blame on others even if they are partly responsible. Getting colleaguesinto trouble will not make you a popular member of the team. If colleagues feel they can trust you, they will be more likely to support you. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation

12. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation 3Step 2—Show a willingness to correct your mistake Most managers accept that staff will make mistakes at some point, but what concerns them more is that any mistakes should be amended quickly and effectively. The golden rule is to talk it over with your boss and show a willingness to make amends. Make sure that correcting a mistake doesn’t interrupt the overall flow of work you are doing, however, by doing it in your own time. Work through your lunch hour and stay late if necessary. If people notice the extra effort you put in, then they’ll respect you for it. Organize your time carefully to avoid further problems.

13. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation 4Step 3—Learn from your mistake Mistakes needn’t be the end of the world—they can be opportunities for development. Don’t waste time feeling guilty, but try to take a more constructive approach. Think about what this experience has taught me. It might be sensible to be realistic and don’t make promises you can’t keep. Failed promises could only result in your boss losing faith in your ability to do the job. Don’t be afraid to ask for assistance if necessary—many people feel pleased to be asked! In particular, listen carefully to any advice your boss may give you on how to avoid making the same mistake again.

14. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Translation Finally, don’t become self-satisfied. No one’s perfect, and it’s easy to make mistakes when you take your eye off the ball. It’s vital to keep informed of the latest developments and skills at work, so make sure you keep learning and keep making progress.

15. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A New Words

16. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A I. Choose the best answer to each question below. 1. What is the article mainly about? A. The average staff and managers deal with mistakes differently. B. Some tips on dealing with mistakes at work. C. Mistakes are generally inevitable at work. D. Examples of how three bosses deal with their mistakes. B

17. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A 2. What is the first thing to do when you make a mistake? A. Tell every member of the team that you’ve made a mistake. B. Acknowledge to yourself what has happened. C. Stop working and take a rest. D. Take a few moments to think about how you’ll be punished for it. B

18. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A A • 3. You are supposed to tell your boss when • reporting the mistake to him / her. • what the situation is and your plans for dealing with • it • B. all the details you can recall about how the mistake • happened • C. how hard you’ve tried to face up to the mistake • D. who are supporting you

19. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A 4. Blaming your colleagues for the mistake you’ve made will . A. make you an unpopular member of the team B. help you to improve the situation C. make them support you D. reduce the amount of anger from your boss A

20. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A 5. Most managers are more concerned about . A. whether their staff make mistakes B. when and where their staff make mistakes C. how their staff can avoid making mistakes D. whether mistakes are amended quickly and effectively D

21. Unit 10 Ambition and Success II. Tick (√) the opinions the writer would generally agree with. ( ) 1. Making a mistake is the worst thing that can happen at work. ( ) 2. Making a mistake needn’t be a disaster. ( ) 3. Focus on the solution more than the problem. ( ) 4. Most mistakes sort themselves out. ( ) 5. Employers are generally too critical of employees who make mistakes. ( ) 6. Don’t try to deal with your mistakes alone. √ √ √

22. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A I. Complete the following sentences with words or phrases from the text and then put them in order. 1. The bosses be that angry or hostile. 2. If your colleagues trust you, they will probably you. 3. Don’t on others even if they are partly responsible. 4. Even bosses make . 5. You need to inform of the situation. 6. You need to inform your boss of your dealing with the situation. Order: □-□-□-□-□-□ won’t necessarily support place the blame mistakes your boss plans for 4 1 5 6 3 2

23. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A II. Write about the first step of dealing with a mistake, using the six sentences in Exercise I. Make changes if necessary. Tips You may need to use so, andto make your paragraph more fluent.

24. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Even bosses make mistakes, so they won’t necessarily be that angry or hostile. You need to inform your boss of the situation and tell him / her your plans for improving it. Don’t place the blame on others even if they are partly responsible. If colleagues trust you, they will probably support you.

25. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases • Complete the following sentences with correct • prepositions. • 1. Face up the problem and then try to solve it. • 2. It’s inevitable that some point, he’ll be mistaken • about something. • 3. The book offers some tips creating webpages. • 4. His bad temper makes the other staff embarrassed • time to time. • 5. He felt too ashamed to ask help. to at on from for

26. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases • II. Complete the following sentences with the correct • form of the given words. • I have to admit that I am wholly (responsibility) • for the confusion. • 2. Salespersons have to learn to communicate • (effect) with clients. • 3. It was (sense) of you to consult a doctor before • you began the dieting programme. • 4. You need to be (real) about the amount of work • you can do in a day. • 5. I’m (please) to tell you that you’ve got the job. • 6. The company’s problems are (part) due to poor • management. responsible effectively sensible realistic pleased partly

27. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases III. Complete the following sentences with the words in the box below. Change the form if necessary. 1. When a good chance , we will try our best to catch it. 2. This fact by all the staff in our company now. 3. Take this information down; we need it urgently. 4. If you take this job, you’ll have many of meeting interesting people. 5. The post office aims to its quality of service. improve acknowledge arise vital opportunity arises is acknowledged vital opportunities to improve

28. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases IV. Complete the following sentences with the phrases in the box below. Change the form if necessary. depend on face up to in particular go through from time to time react to • From the remarks he heard , • Newman guessed the reason why the others were • hostile. • 2. Choosing the right mobile phone what • you want to use it for. from time to time depends on

29. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases 3. You’ll never find the solution unless you the mistake. 4. She the encouragement by working even harder and finally made great achievements. 5. What is it you are interested in? 6. He a divorce at the moment, and I think he is finding it very stressful. face up to reacted to in particular is going through

30. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases V. Translate the following sentences into English with the given words or phrases. 1. 经理要我把最新的情况告诉他。(inform … of) The manager asked me . . 2. 你永远不应对自己失去信心。(lose faith in) You should . 3. 如果老板信任你，他就更有可能把重要的任务交给你。 (be more likely to) If the boss trusts you, . . to inform him of the latest developments never lose faith in yourself he’s more likely to assign you important tasks

31. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Words and Phrases 4. 一个重要的原则就是：不要让你的队友陷入麻烦。 (get … into trouble) A golden rule is never . 5. 博学者未必聪明；有钱人未必快乐。(not necessarily) Learned people , and the rich . to get your teammates into trouble are not necessarily smart are not necessarily smart

32. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Text A Grammar and Structure II. Study the patterns in the boxes below and then translate the following sentences. ① Here are some tips on how to deal with mistakes in the workplace.(para. 1) 这儿有一些关于如何处理工作中所犯错误的建议。 ② There comes a man in a black business suit. 那儿走来一位穿着黑色商务套装的男士。 ③这儿有一则关于如何高效工作的建议。 Here is a tip on how to work effectively. 1. 倒装句 要点：句首状 语为here, there 时，常引起倒 装结构，即句 子谓语置于主 语之前。

33. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Text A Grammar and Structure • Don’t pass the buck and place the blame on others even if they are partly responsible. (para. 2) • 不要推诿，不要把责任推到别人身上，即使他们也要负部分责任。 • ② They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. • 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你的。 • ③ 即使下雨，他还是会准时来的。 • He will come on time even if it rains. 2. even if 引导 让步状语从句 要点：意为“即使， 纵然，尽管”，为 连词词组，引导 让步状语。

34. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text A Text A Grammar and Structure ① Work through your lunch hour and stay late if necessary.(para. 3) 利用午餐时间，如果必要的话则加班完 成。 ②Write it down if necessary. 如果有必要的话，把它写下来。 ③如果有必要的话，你可以参考这些书。 You can refer to these books if necessary. 3. if necessary 要点：if necessary意为 “如果有必要的话”， 通常置于句末。

35. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Background Information Curibita 库里提巴 巴西巴拉那州的首府城市，也是巴西南部最大的城市，居民170多万。 该名字源自图皮语 kurí tyba ，即“很多松树”，因为在建成这座城市前，这个地区有大量的巴西松。

36. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Background Information Jamie Lerner 贾米·勒讷 贾米·勒讷（1937.12.17~）是世界著名建筑师与城市规划家、卓越治理的理想主义者与实现者，曾3次担任巴西库里提巴市市长。人们称赞他“既有治国的雄才大略，又有诗人般的智慧和心灵”，并被誉为“快速公交系统(BRT)之父”。 他是该市传奇般地实现跨越式可持续发展的灵魂人物。20世纪70年代前的库里提巴面临严重的人口拥挤、贫穷、失业、环境污染等社会及环境问题。他出任市长后，仅用一代人的时间，便在保护并发展生态环境的前提下，根本性地改善了城市面貌并大大提高了居民的生活质量。

37. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation One person’s ambition and determination can contribute greatly to a city’s success. What can the planners do while the city keeps on changing? TEXT A

38. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation All Change in Curitiba! 1 Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southernBrazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution, poverty,and limited public funding. However, the architect andthree-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, made himselfthe person who changed the city.

39. 2 As part of his “Master Plan”, Lerner has the ambition ofmaking the city more environmentally friendly. He initiateda recycling scheme based on an “incentives” system.In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specifiedprocessing points, residents receive a bag of vegetablesor bus tokens. As a result, Curitiba now has one of thehighest recycling rates in the world. Lerner also ordered thecreation of 26 urban parks. As well as curbing pollution,these control flooding. They also make an unusual sight fortourists — as a low-cost method to keep the lawns in trim, sheep are allowed to graze there! Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation

40. 3 Easing traffic congestion presented a challenge as resources were limited, but Lerner came upwith the idea of a rapid transit bus system, with extra long buses and special “pod” shaped bus stopsall over the city. It runs as swiftly as an underground railway but for a tenth of the cost. Commuterswere delighted. Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plansto pedestrians part of the center were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reductionin profits. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation

41. 4 Realizing he needed to act quickly, Lerner had the transformation of six blocks completed withinthree days. When a group of stubborn motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area,Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets. The driverswere forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner,this rebellion was short-lived. The ensuingincrease in turnover rapidly persuaded shopowners to change their minds. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation

42. 5What’s more, the incident also effectivelydemonstrated that Lerner was a mayor whocould get things done. Lerner’s pragmatismand determination helped shape the Curitiba oftoday. So, is it all just one big success story?In some respects, Curitiba may have been toosuccessful for its own good. People and businesses have flocked to the city, which now has morethan 1.8 million residents. This has put the city under enormous strain. Forty years ago, busestransported 54,000 passengers a day. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation

43. Now the number is 2.3 million. According to some experts, thetransport system has reached its maximum efficiency capacity. Following a surge in complaints aboutthe noisy and packed buses, the service is in decline. What’s more, the city is struggling to providesufficient housing, employment and school places for all its new residents. How long Curitiba canretain its image as a model sustainable city depends on what planners will do next — one thing’s forcertain, the city will keep on changing. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B Translation

44. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B I. In what order do you learn about these things from the article? Write 1—6. a. population increase b. a method to deal with waste c. protest against changes d. the creation of green spaces e. concerns for the future f. an idea to improve travel 5 1 6 2 4 3

45. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B II. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). ( ) 1. Curitiba’s difficulties are unusual when compared to other large cities. ( ) 2. In Curitiba, people are rewarded for collecting waste. ( ) 3. Lawn-mowers (刈草机) are used to maintain all the grassy areas in the city. ( ) 4. Lerner invested more money in buses than trains because buses were faster. F T F F

46. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Text B ( ) 5. A number of children prevented motorists from entering the new pedestrian centre. ( ) 6. Retail companies suffered as a result of Lerner’s initiatives. ( ) 7. There are more people and businesses in Curitiba than before. ( ) 8. The bus system is less satisfying now than it was initially. T F T T

47. Unit 10 Ambition and Success Listening & Speaking 1. Aiming for Excellence Warming Up Which of the following things will you probably do to improve yourself in theworkplace? Tick (√) them. 1. Take an English course. 2. Learn another foreign language. 3. Study something that is closely related to your job. 4. Take an MBA course. 5. Do a Master’s in the major you’ve had in college.

48. Script Unit 10 Ambition and Success Listening & Speaking 1. Aiming for Excellence Listening (10.4) I. Listen to a conversation. Choose the best answer to each question below. Theconversation will be spoken twice. 1. What company does the man work for? A. A big cloth company. B. A small cloth company. C. A big trade company. D. A small trade company. 2. What is the man doing now? A. He is learning about cloth. B. He is studying Marketing. C. He is studying Management. D. He is building a marketing team. √ √

49. Script Unit 10 Ambition and Success Listening & Speaking 1. Aiming for Excellence Listening 3. How long has the man worked for his company? A. Less than one year. B. About two years. C. About four years. D. More than five years. 4. Why does the man try to improve his skills? A. He wants to become a manager. B. He wants to start his own company. C. He wants to get better paid on the present position. D. He finds many of his colleagues learning new things. √ √

50. Script Unit 10 Ambition and Success Listening & Speaking 1. Aiming for Excellence Listening(10.5) II. Listen to a conversation. Choose the best answer to each question below. Theconversation will be spoken twice. 1. What does the woman do? A. She works as a designer for a mobile phone company. B. She is a designer in an advertising company. C. She is the boss of a mobile phone store. D. She is a Japanese teacher. 2. How old is the woman? A. 25. B. 28. C. 33. D. 40. √ √