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Comparing Mitochondrial DNA across species

Comparing Mitochondrial DNA across species. & Mutations in human mitochondrial phylogeny. Alessa Moscoso OEB 275br Module Presentation. Nucleotide Online Databases. A prime tool for analyzing molecular data Accessible from anywhere Incorporate archeological specimens (Neanderthal data).

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Comparing Mitochondrial DNA across species

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  1. Comparing Mitochondrial DNA across species & Mutations in human mitochondrial phylogeny Alessa Moscoso OEB 275br Module Presentation

  2. Nucleotide Online Databases • A prime tool for analyzing molecular data • Accessible from anywhere • Incorporate archeological specimens (Neanderthal data)

  3. Module objectives • Students will learn how to use online databases for gather molecular data • Will learn how to analyze molecular data with phylogenetics (creating gene trees and species trees) • Finally, will use comparative genomics to address human disease. Where do these alleles arise?

  4. Online DataBAses/programs • Ensembl – gather Human mtDNA, orthologs • BLAST- find Neandertal data • TranslatorX – align sequences • SeaView – compare sequences • Mitomap – disease mutations in mtDNA • PAUP – builds phylogenetic trees, analysis • Fig Tree – builds phylogenetics trees

  5. Neanderthal Data • Data found using BLAST search

  6. Mitochondrial genes • Looking at ATP6, ATP8, COX1, COX2, COX3, CYB, ND2, ND3

  7. Orthologs • Primates • Chimp • Gorilla • Orangutan • Macaque http://ec.europa.eu/health/opinions/en/non-human-primates/glossary/pqrs/primates.htm

  8. Tree created from 8 Combined genes

  9. ATP6 aligned sequences

  10. aTP6 Phylogeny in Paup

  11. bootstrapping

  12. ATP6 Mutations

  13. Diseased human ATP6 Genes

  14. Disease Causing ATP6 Mutation only in Humans *What does this tell us?

  15. ATP8 Gene tree *no difference between this tree and the ATP6 tree

  16. ATP8 Mutations

  17. *ATP8 disease mutations in humans

  18. ND2 Bootstrapped Tree

  19. ND2 Mutations

  20. COX1 Mutations

  21. COX1 Mutations

  22. * COX1 Mutations In Humans

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