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Journal Topic

Journal Topic. Respond to the “Quickwrite” section of the text on p. 383. Quotation.

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Journal Topic

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  1. Journal Topic • Respond to the “Quickwrite” section of the text on p. 383

  2. Quotation • “We cannot tell the exact moment a friendship is formed; as in filling a vessel drop by drop, there is at last a drop which makes it run over; so in a series of kindnesses, there is at last one that makes the heart run over.”

  3. Essential Question: How are some of the spiritual values of India presented in literature?

  4. “The Mice That Set Elephants Free”

  5. Literary Terms to Know • Fable • Brief story that teaches a moral lesson or gives practical instruction for living • Characters are usually animals • Anthropomorphism • Giving of human qualities to animals • Epigram • Short verses that contain a moral

  6. The Frame Story • The “Outer” story – writer begins the story • There is a return to the original narration and the writer’s story concludes The “Inner” story - One of the characters begins to narrate a story to some of the other characters in the original story

  7. Vocabulary Words • Asylum • A place of refuge; a secure retreat • Minutely • In very small detail • Capacity • power of receiving impressions, knowledge, etc.; mental ability; actual or potential ability to perform, yield, or withstand • Depreciatory • Disparaging; belittling.

  8. Vocabulary Words (cont.) • Diversion • distraction from business, care, etc.; recreation; amusement; a pastime • Retinue • a procession of attendants • Fettered • Confined or restrained

  9. Panchatantra • Means “five books” • Collection of fables used to teach moral lessons • Practical guide, rather than religious document • A frame story – priest attempts to teach “simple-minded” princes “the wise conduct of life (niti) • Themes include: • Losing/winning friends • Losing profits and possessions • Declaring war/establishing peace • Acting rashly (hastily)

  10. At Your Desks… • Read the story (pp. 384-385) • Answer questions 4-7, 9 (p. 386) • How might this story be used to teach lessons about the connection between dharma, karma and caste?

  11. The Frame Story • The “Outer” story • Spot, a deer, fears pursuing hunters • 3 small friends, Swift, Gold and Slow offer help • Spot suggests a friendship and uses epigrams and story to help make his point • “Better with the learned dwell, Even though it be in hell…” (384-385) … and… “Make friends, make friends, however strong Or weak they be...” (386)

  12. The Frame Story (cont.) • The “Inner” Story • Group of Elephants trample through mice community causing destruction • Mice meet with elephants and suggest they become friends (with mutual benefits). Elephants agree. • Elephants become hunted and trapped • Elephants send for mice and mice help free the elephants. • Review assigned questions

  13. Journal Topic “What qualities do you associate with night” Free-write your responses

  14. What is it that makes night both something that people look forward to and something that people might dread?

  15. “Night” from theRig-Veda

  16. Background • Turn to page 366 in textbook for in-class reading (jot down important points as we read) • What important ideas about Hinduism and their sacred text, the Rig-Veda did you learn from this reading?

  17. What is the Rig-Veda? • Rig-Veda is a collection of sacred hymns of the Hindu religion • Rig-Veda means “hymns of supreme sacred knowledge” • These hymns often sang the praises of the gods, as well as the wonders and beauty of nature • Included were prayers for protection and cooperation from natural forces • “Night” is one of these sacred hymns

  18. Literary Terms to Know • Personification • Figure of speech in which a nonhuman thing is referred to as if it were human • Ex. The wind whispered in my ear… • Simile • Figure of speech that makes comparison between 2 unlike things using like or as • Life is like a box of chocolates…you never know what you’re going to get.

  19. Literary Terms (cont.) • Metaphor • When 2 unlike things are compared directly • Ex. Her eyes were 2 pools of crystal blue water • Apostrophe • Figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses an absent person, aspect of nature, or abstract quality as though it were present • Ex. Wisdom, you are a stranger to me!

  20. “Night” • Read the poem to yourselves and jot down your initial reaction. Consider: • Who might be speaking? • How is Night described/To what is it compared? • What mood, or feeling, is created? • What might this poem reveal about the Hindu religion? • Class will re-read the poem aloud then answer questions 3-5 on page 369

  21. At Your Desks… • Read p. 366 for background. Then… • Read “Night” on page 368 • Answer questions. 1-6 on p. 369

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