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Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. What do you call a mushroom who likes to party? A FUN GUY!!. Evolutionary path to Kingdom Fungi. A. General Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi. Eukaryotic – have a nucleus Heterotrophic Most are decomposers Some parasites Some symbionts Uni-cellular OR multicellular.

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Kingdom Fungi

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  1. Kingdom Fungi What do you call a mushroom who likes to party? A FUN GUY!!

  2. Evolutionary path to Kingdom Fungi

  3. A. General Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi • Eukaryotic – have a nucleus • Heterotrophic • Most are decomposers • Some parasites • Some symbionts • Uni-cellular OR multicellular

  4. A. General Characteristics of Kingdom Fungi • Cell walls typically contain chitin (also seen in crab shells!) • Both asexual (spores, budding, fragmentation) and sexual reproduction (involves mating of +/- types)

  5. B. General Structure & Function of Fungi

  6. Fungus developing from a spore

  7. C. Reproduction and General Life Cycle Definitions: • Sporangium – a structure that contains spores • Gametangia – a gamete-forming structure produced when the hyphae of opposing mating types meet • Diploid – contains a double set of chromosomes from each mating type (2N) -same as human body cells

  8. C. Reproduction and General Life Cycle d) Haploid – contains a single set of chromosomes that is a combination of info received from parents. (ex. Human gametes) - creates unique organisms that are NOT exactly like their parents  important for evolution *both types of reproduction (sexual and asexual) are found in the life cycle of a fungus “ALTERNATION OF GENERATIONS”

  9. 1) Asexual Reproduction • Production of spores OR • Fragmentation of hyphae (cut off piece  grows into new hyphae)

  10. 2) Sexual Reproduction • Involves 2 mating types (+ and -) rather than sexes • Hyphae (N) of 2 mating types meet • Each hyphae forms a “gametangium” (N) • Gametangia (N) fuse to become a diploid (2N) structure • These 2N nuclei quickly undergo meiosis to gorm a hyphae (N). This new hyphae is a mix of original 2 mating types • The hyphae (N) forms a sporangium (N) and through asexual reproduction, thousands of spores (N) are made

  11. Diagram of Basic Fungi Life Cycle

  12. Phylum Oomycota“Water molds” • Unicellular OR multicellular • Mostly aquatic • Coenocytic • Cell walls contain cellulose (similar to plant-like protists) • Asexual reproduction • Produce flagellated spores that swim • Sexual reproduction • Special structures produce sperm & egg • Feed off of fish or organic matter in water

  13. Phylum Oomycota“Water molds”

  14. Phylum Zygomycota“Common Mold” • Most are parasites • Some decomposers • Cell walls lack chitin • Hyphae lack cross walls • Asexual reproduction • Spores • Sexual reproduction • Thick walled zygote “zygospore” • Grows on bread

  15. Phylum Zygomycota“Common Mold”

  16. Phylum Ascomycota“Sac Fungus” • Some decomposers, some parasites • Cell walls of chitin • Coenocytic – perforated cross walls • Asexual reproduction • Spores or budding • Sexual reproduction • Produces ascospores

  17. Phylum Ascomycota“Sac Fungus”

  18. Phylum Basidiomycota“Club Fungi” • In soil, on trees feeding on dead, decaying matter • Cell walls of chitin • Coenocytic • Asexual reproduction • Spores • Sexual reproduction • Basidiospores on basidia

  19. Phylum Basidiomycota“Club Fungi”

  20. Phylum Deuteromycota“Imperfect Fungi” • Parasites • Cell walls of chitin • Similar to ascomycota, basidiomycota and zygomycota BUT • Sexual reproduction never observed!

  21. Phylum Deuteromycota“Imperfect Fungi”

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