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Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. Hot gas in clusters of galaxies scatters CMB photons, causing spectral distortion this effect is independent of cluster distance depends on nD where n is electron density and D is cluster diameter Gas also emits X-rays
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Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect • Hot gas in clusters of galaxies scatters CMB photons, causing spectral distortion • this effect is independent of cluster distance • depends on nD where n is electron density and D is cluster diameter • Gas also emits X-rays • X-ray surface brightness depends on n2D • therefore comparison of spectral distortion and X-ray luminosity gives D, and measurement of cluster angular sizegives d • very long range • independent of Cepheid distance scale PHY306 Pictures: http://astro.uchicago.edu/sza/index.html