Introduction to Global History and Geography

1. Introduction to Global History and Geography

2. Diary/journal • Photographs/film footage • Auto-biography • Letters • Official records (census, logs) • Documents (treaty, constitution, etc.) Primary Source- a firsthand record of the event by a person who actually experienced the event

3. Textbook • Novel • Magazine article • Biography • Encyclopedia • Timeline Secondary Source- a secondhand record created by a person who did NOT actually experience the event

4. Ex: George Washington was born in February • Ex: Humans are mammals • Ex: (Create your own) Facts- agreed upon and accepted truths that cannot be disputed

5. Ex: If you have a cold you should stay home from school • Ex: Gandhi was the greatest leader in India • Ex: (Create your own) • Key words to look for: Opinions- a belief or judgement

6. 100 300 200 100 300 0 200

7. BC (Before Christ) or BCE (Before Common Era) AD (Anno Domini) or CE (Common Era) 100 300 200 100 300 0 200

8. Try your best to put the following words where they belong on your note sheet: • Economist • Political Scientist • Archeologist • Historian • Geographer Social Scientists

10. On your whiteboard: • Write the letters A-E (to correspond with the maps you have) • Label which type of map each one is from the choices below: • Population Map • Political Map • Physical Map • Climate Map • Land Use/Resource Map

11. Different maps can be used to show different things about the earth’s geography • Different maps work together with history to explain culture in different areas What are some different types of maps used to interpret Geography?

12. A Political Map: Used to show man-made boundaries such as countries, states, counties, towns, etc.

13. B Physical Map:Used to show the physical features (mtns, rivers, lakes, etc.) of an area

14. C Climate Map:Used to show how average temperatures vary across the globe

15. D Population Map:Used to show how many people live in certain areas of the world

16. E Resource Map:Used to show what/the amount of natural resources available in an area

17. Anytime you see a map, make sure to read the: • Title • Key • Labels • Scale • Additional notes (see review book for practice)

18. Latitude and Longitude

19. World Continents And Oceans

20. TYPES OF GOVERNMENTS

21. Democracy • Definition: • people have the power • People have rights • Examples: • Ancient Athens (First democracy) • USA

22. Republic(aka: Representative Democracy) • Definition: A type of democracy in which people elect representatives • Example: USA

23. Monarchy • Definition: • King or Queen rules • Inherit power (passed down through family) • Examples: • Great Britain in the 1700’s

24. Dictatorship/ Totalitarian/ Absolute • Definition: • one person has absolute control and makes all of the decisions • Examples: • Germany under Hitler • Soviet Union under Stalin

25. Oligarchy • Definition: • A few people rule together and make ALL decisions

26. Theocracy • Definition: • Type of government based on religion • Examples: • Iran • Vatican City • Mali under Mansa Musa

27. Anarchy • Definition: • No government/ lawlessness • Examples: • Periods of time during the Middle Ages

28. Types of Economies What should be produced?How should it be produced?Should individuals have control?Should the government ever step in?

29. Traditional Economy • People trade goods and services with each other until they receive what they want • Don’t use money Examples: • Early civilizations • Tribal groups

30. Manorialism • An economic system in Medieval Europe in which lords owned manors (areas of land) that were self-sufficient (provided for its own needs)

31. Mercantilism System in which the colony produces raw materials for the mother country, who turns them into manufactured good and sells them back for a profit (benefits the mother country)

32. Mercantilism

34. Market Economy/ Free- market/ Capitalism • Economic decisions are made by individuals • Focusis on making a profit • Competitionwith others drives the market

35. Geography and its Impact on Civilizations

36. The ULTIMATE GLOBAL WORD: • cultural diffusion: when civilizations interact, trade, and share ideas and beliefs with each other

37. IF GEOGRPAHY ACTS AS A BARRIER: • Leads to cultural diversity: civilizations live near each other but do not share ideas/beliefs • Protects civilization from invasion/war

38. Rivers • Provide civilization with drinking water, food, and fertile land for farming • Sometimes flood and cause damage • Makes travel easier

39. Mountains • Act as barrier from other civilizations • Poor farm land

40. Deserts • Act as barrier from other civilizations • Little water, food and no farm land

41. Oceans and Seas (large bodies of salt water) • Acted as a barrier from other civilizations until sea travel was improved • Great highways of trade (easier to travel on water than land) • Rich sources of food

42. Rainforests • Act as barrier from other civilizations • Abundance of animal life and is a great source of natural resources

43. Plains: large area of flat land at a low elevation • Good farming land • Good for trade and travel • No protection from invaders

44. Plateaus: Large area of flat land at a high elevation • Usually has good farming land • Sometimes the high elevation protects from invasion • Hard to get a fresh water source