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Air Pollution

Air Pollution. Heather Price. http://www.pscleanair.org/airq/visibility/. Air Pollution. What is it? Where does it come from? How does it impact our health?. What is air pollution?. Gases: Carbon Monoxide (CO) Ozone (O 3 )

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Air Pollution

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  1. Air Pollution Heather Price http://www.pscleanair.org/airq/visibility/

  2. Air Pollution • What is it? • Where does it come from? • How does it impact our health?

  3. What is air pollution? Gases: Carbon Monoxide (CO) Ozone (O3) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) Particles: PM2.5 and PM10 smog, wood smoke, dust, diesel exhaust, and pollen STEVE RINGMAN / THE SEATTLE TIMES

  4. Where does PM come from? Is it local? Diesel Cars and Trucks Wood Stoves Centralia Coal Plant STEVE RINGMAN / THE SEATTLE TIMES

  5. Winter vs. SummerSources of Particulate Pollution http://www.pscleanair.org/

  6. STEVE RINGMAN / THE SEATTLE TIMES State's secret deal with coal plant sparks outcry “TransAlta has reached a tentative pact with the state limiting air pollution from Washington State’s only coal-fired power plant.” Warren Cornwall, Seattle Times Reporter

  7. Particulate Matter2.5 for 2007 Data from Puget Sound Clean Air Agency, Image Source: http://www.metrokc.gov/dnrp/measures/indicators/at-air-quality.aspx

  8. Seattle April 21, 2009 4.5 mg/m3 particulate matter 20 ppb ozone http://www.pscleanair.org/airq/visibility/

  9. A smoggy day in Seattle (August 1992). http://www.wunderground.com/health/airpollution.asp

  10. Ozone = O3 Good up high (stratosphere) = ozone layer Bad down low (troposphere) = smog, air pollution How is ozone created? Depends where you are!! Up High (stratosphere): O2 + sunlight → O + O O + O2 → O3 Down Low (troposphere): N2 + O2 → _NO _NO + O2 → _NO2 (brown smog) NO2 + Sunlight → NO + O O + O2 → O3

  11. http://cfpub.epa.gov/airnow/index.cfm?action=airnow.displaymaps#maphttp://cfpub.epa.gov/airnow/index.cfm?action=airnow.displaymaps#map

  12. 8-hour Ozone Average (3-year average of the 4th highest annual concentration) 8-Hour Average Concentration Parts Per Million (PPM) Pack Forest Highway 410 Lake Sammamish Park Beacon Hill (Seattle) Mud Mountain North Bend Yelm Year Source: Puget Sound Clean Air Agency

  13. Deaths from urban air pollution in year 2000, as estimated by the World Health Organization World Health Report, 2002.

  14. 2008 Beijing Olympics

  15. 2008 Beijing Olympics PM2.5 38% lower than average at ~70mg/m3 Particulate Matter (mg/m3)around the world World urban annual average: 60 Daily Average PM Beijing: 110 Los Angeles: 36New York: 22Melbourne: 13Perth: 13Paris: 12 Five worst cities PM New Delhi: 177Cairo: 159Calcutta: 145Tianjin: 139Chongqing: 137

  16. Pollution imported from Asia?

  17. Jilin Province, China April 7 and 8, 2001 (NE of Beijing appx. 45.5N, 122.5E). Daytime photos from the same location one day apart.

  18. Beechcraft Duchess The PHOBEA and Cheeka Peak Research experiments

  19. Aircraft observations on 14 April 2001 aSpring 2001 mean at 3.5-6km [Price et al., 2003]

  20. How do we know where the pollution came from and when to fly? Harvard Global Chemical Transport Model GEOS-Chem in forecast mode National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Backward Trajectories

  21. Dr. Jaffe’s Research Group (2004-2005), from right: Arrie, Isaac, Julie, Dan, J.B., Peter, Anna, Heather • Acknowledgements • Dan Jaffe (UW) • Paul Doskey (DOE) • Peter Weiss (UCSC) • Anna Heckman (UW) • James (J.B.) Dennison (EPA) • Research Funding • National Science Foundation • U.S. EPA • University of British Columbia • U.S. Department of Energy Graduate Research Fellowship

  22. Beijing Olympics 2008 August, NO2 2005-2007 August, NO2

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