Laws and Protection Of Journalists

1. Laws and ProtectionOf Journalists By Diana Lopez ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY NEWSPAPER Monday, 22 2011 Price. 1.50 Est. 1869 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Commodo et ligula egetdolor. Aenean massa.Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. Nullam quis ante. Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus.

2. What are Shield Laws? • A Shield Law is a State Law protecting the journalists’ right to not share information about his/her sources. • In 1848, John Nugent was the first person to be jailed for not revealing his sources about a Mexican Treaty. “I consider myself bound in honor not to answer,"

3. What Is Reporters Privilege? • Reporters Privilege protects anyone who wants to protect confidential and unpublished sources • Anyone who is employed by a magazine, newspaper, or other publication can’t be contempt of any subpoenas whether it is issued by any type of court or a body with power.

4. Shield Laws aren’t Federal? • The U.S. has no federal law protecting reporters. • The state of Maryland was the first to pass a state shield law in 1896. • Now, the majority of states have shield laws, or some form of protection for journalists.

5. California Shield Laws & Reporters Privilege • California Shield Laws protect most people who write. (It’s not limited to professional reporters.)The law can be used in state courts but only based on the First Amendment. • California’s Reporters Privilege is enforced in criminal and public cases however depending on the matter of a vital case the privilege may be out ruled.

6. Commodo et ligula egetdolor. Aenean massa.Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. Nullam quis ante. Sed fringilla mauris sit amet nibh. Donec sodales sagittis magna. Sed consequat, leo eget bibendum sodales, augue velit cursus nunc. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. Nullam quis ante. Who Is Really Protected By Shield Laws? • Blogger Shallee Hale of Washington state wasn’t protected under shield laws for a statement she wrote about a software company. • Hale was not protected due to the fact of her not being a professional reporter. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa., Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. Etiam ultricies nisi vel augue. Curabitur ullamcorper ultricies nisi. Nam eget dui. Etiam rhoncus. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus.

7. Shield Laws In Other Countries • Australian Shield Laws: New South Wales and Commonwealth are the only two jurisdictions that have shield laws in Australia. In 1997 New South Wales was the first to provide Australian journalists privileges in court under the Evidence Act 1995. The Commonwealth Parliament later created The Evidence Amendment (Journalists’ Privilege) in 2007 and exhibited it after New South Wales. • New Zealand Shield Laws: New Zealand’s law states “neither the journalist nor his or her employer is compellable in a civil or criminal proceeding to answer any question or produce any document that would disclose the identity of the informant or enable that identity to be discovered.” and is under the Evidence Act 2006 under section 68. • United Kingdom: Like New Zealand’s shield laws the UK legislation states that the court cannot require a reporter to share an anonymous source or that they are held guilty for not giving up the source. This law is under the Contempt of Court Act 1981 under section 10.

8. Works Cited "California Protections for Sources and Source Material | Citizen Media Law Project." Home | Citizen Media Law Project. 17 July 2009. <http://www.citmedialaw.org/legal-guide/california-protections-sources-and-source-material>. “Getting to the Source.” slate.com. 2003. Slate. <http://www.slate.com/id/2093187/> Ingham, Lorraine. "From the Civil Liberties Australia Website – CLA - A04043 Www.cla.asn.au 1 Australian Shield Laws for Journalists: A Comparison with New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States." <http://www.cla.asn.au/Article/Shield%20Laws%20InghamL%200803.pdf> Inventor Spot. <http://inventorspot.com/articles/bloggers_twitterers_beware_shield_laws_might_not_have_you_covere_41081> Livebinary.com. Live Binary. 2010. <http://www.livebinary.com/2010/08/02/si-things-to-think-about-before-you-start-blogging/> presentationmagazine.com. Presentation Magazine. <http://www.presentationmagazine.com/editable-old-newspaper-template-4520.htm> Sager, Kelli L., and Rochelle L. Wilcox. "Privilege Compendium." The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press. Web. 18 Aug. 2011. <http://www.rcfp.org/privilege/index.php?op=browse>. “State Shield Laws.” citmedialaw.org. 2008. Citizen Media Law Project. <http://www.citmedialaw.org/state-shield-laws> Reporter’s Shield Laws. <http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/spring05/vaught/state.html>