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Nomenclature

Nomenclature. Ions . Ion. An atom which is electrically charged because it lost or gained electrons Metals lose electrons  positively charged cations Examples: Lithium Lithium ion 3p+ 3p+ 3e- lose 1 e- 2e-

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Nomenclature

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  1. Nomenclature Ions

  2. Ion • An atom which is electrically charged because it lost or gained electrons • Metals lose electrons  positively charged cations • Examples: Lithium Lithium ion 3p+ 3p+ 3e-lose 1 e- 2e- 0 neutral atom 1+ cation

  3. Ion • Recognize by element name with “ion” • “Metal ion” is the general form • Roman numerals (charge) might be included • Examples: Sodium ion for Na1+ Copper II ion for Cu2+ Zinc ion for Zn2+

  4. Ion • An atom which is electrically charged because it lost or gained electrons • Nonmetals gain electrons  negatively charged anions • Examples: Oxygen Oxide ion 8p+ 8p+ 8e- gains 2 e- 10e- 0 neutral atom 2- anion

  5. Ion • Recognize by element name changed to end with –ide plus “ion” • Examples: Fluoride ion for F1- • Sulfide ion for S 2- Phosphide ion for P 3-

  6. Predicting Ion Charge Metals in group 1 lose 1 electron and have 1+ charge! For example: Cesium makes the Cs1+ ion Metals in group 2 lose 2 electrons and have 2+charge! For example: Calcium makes the Ca2+ ion

  7. Predicting Ion Charge Metals in groups 3-12 may have more than one possible charge and need a Roman numeral to indicate which charge to use… For example: Iron III is Fe3+ Iron II is Fe2+

  8. Predicting Ion Charge Memorize six special metals which do not need a Roman numeral when using their typical charge… Al3+ Zn2+ Ga3+ Ag1+ Cd2+ Au1+

  9. Predicting Ion Charge Tin and Lead in group 14 have two possible charges and need Roman numerals… Lead II is Pb2+ Tin II is Sn2+ Lead IV is Pb4+ Tin IV is Sn4+

  10. Predicting Ion Charge What about those two long rows of elements at the bottom of the Periodic table? Assume each element at the bottom is a 3+ ion!

  11. Predicting Ion Charge Nonmetals in groups 15, 16, and17 gain 1, 2, or 3 electrons and have 1-, 2-, or 3 – charge! Noble gases in group 18 have stable amount of electrons and do not lose or gain any !

  12. Your Turn Again Name the ions… 1. K1+ 2. Fe3+ 3. Sr2+ 4. Ni1+ Hint: groups 1 and 2 metals do not use Roman numerals...

  13. Your Turn Again Write the formulas: 1. Manganese IV ion 2. Iron III ion 3. Calcium ion Hint: the Roman numerals indicate charge

  14. Your Turn Again Name the ions… 1. Cl1- 2. P3- 3. S2- 4. F1- Hint: change ending to -ide

  15. Your Turn Again Write the formulas: 1. Bromide ion 2. Nitride ion 3. Selenide ion Hint: find each ion’s group on periodic table

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