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Explore the impact of war on civil liberties, focusing on attacks on German-Americans during WWI and the Espionage and Sedition Acts. Discuss the tension between national security and civil rights.
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In times of War:National Security vs.Civil Liberties Art Lewandowski Fostoria High School
National Security vs. Civil Liberties Is it Patriotic to argue against your country going to war?
Attacks on Civil Liberties Increase #12 • Main targets were Americans who had immigrated from Germany or Austria-Hungary • Stopped playing German music • Stopped teaching German language in school • Hamburgers became Salisbury Steak • Sauerkraut was now called “Liberty Cabbage” • Changed all German street names • Racism in media and hate crimes on the street
Attacks on Civil liberties limit: • 1st Amend: Freedoms of speech, press and assembly • 4th Amend: Due process of law (protects against illegal searches and seizures)
Espionage and Sedition Acts • Passed to be sure that war effort was not undermined • Espionage Act 1917: • Made it a crime to help enemies • Allowed censorship of mail and prosecution of socialists, radicals and pacifists • Sedition Act 1918: • Made it a crime to say anything disloyal, dissapproving, or abusive about the government or war effort. • A person could be fined up to $10,000 and sentenced to 20 years in jail for “interfering” with the war effort
Civil Rights Violence for some was/is against religion Sel. Service Act (draft) forced many into military Gov’t assigned them noncombatant roles in the military
Why we limit Civil Liberties.. • Use an example to answer in OGT notebook: When fighting a war, what is more important? • National Security? Why? • Civil Rights? Why?