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Introduction to Earth Science

Introduction to Earth Science. Charity I. Mulig. What is Earth Science?. Encompasses all sciences that seek to understand The Earth Earth’s neighbor in space. What is Earth Science?. Earth Science includes geology, the study of Earth oceanography, the study of the ocean

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Introduction to Earth Science

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  1. Introduction to Earth Science Charity I. Mulig

  2. What is Earth Science? • Encompasses all sciences that seek to understand • The Earth • Earth’s neighbor in space

  3. What is Earth Science? • Earth Science includes • geology, the study of Earth • oceanography, the study of the ocean • meteorology, the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather • astronomy, the study of the universe

  4. Early Evolution of the Earth • Most researchers conclude that Earth and the other planets formed at essentially the same time. • The solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called the solar nebula.

  5. A. The solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called the solar nebula. A B. About 5 billion years ago, the nebula began to contract. B C. It assumed a flat, disk shape with the protosun (pre-Sun) at the center. C D. Inner planets begin to form from metallic and rocky clumps. Larger outer planets began forming from fragments with a high percentage of ices. E. As Earth formed, the decay of radioactive elements and heat from high-velocity impacts caused the temperature to increase. D E

  6. Spheres of the Earth and Their Interactions

  7. The Earth’s Spheres • Atmosphere • Hydrosphere • Lithosphere • Biosphere • Cryosphere • Anthrosphere

  8. Atmosphere • A gaseous sphere and it envelopes the Earth, • Consists of a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.

  9. Hydrosphere • All of the water on Earth • 71% of the earth is covered by water and only 29% is terra firma

  10. Lithosphere • The Earth's solid surface, often called the crust of the earth. It includes continental and oceanic crust as well as the various layers of the Earth's interior.

  11. Biosphere • All life on earth, including man, and all organisms. • The life zone on our planet distinguishes our planet from the others in the solar system.

  12. Cryosphere • The portion of the Earth's surface where water is in a solid form • Snow or ice: includes glaciers, ice shelves, snow, icebergs, and arctic climatology

  13. Anthrosphere • Man and his direct ancestors, hominids. • The human population, it’s buildings, dams, and other constructions.

  14. Interconnected Spheres • Spheres are closely connected • Changes are often chain reactions • A change in one sphere results in changes in others - called an event

  15. The Scientific Method

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