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Design of Scalable Biogas Digester for the Developing World

Design of Scalable Biogas Digester for the Developing World. By: Tiffany Cheng, Thomas Davis Dawn Schmidt, Kyle Schroeder, Andrew Wu BME 272 1/21/10 Advisors: Dr. Dave Owens – Owen Graduate School of Management Dr. Paul King – Vanderbilt University School of Engineering. Meet the Rezas.

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Design of Scalable Biogas Digester for the Developing World

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  1. Design of Scalable Biogas Digester for the Developing World By: Tiffany Cheng, Thomas Davis Dawn Schmidt, Kyle Schroeder, Andrew Wu BME 272 1/21/10 Advisors: Dr. Dave Owens – Owen Graduate School of Management Dr. Paul King – Vanderbilt University School of Engineering

  2. Meet the Rezas • 6 members • Two parents, four children • 1 cow • Make $60 per month • Spend $10 on petroleum fuel per month • Spend 2 weeks per year collecting additional fuel • Interested in neighbor’s biogas digester • To improve their standard of living

  3. What is a BioGas Digester? 1kg manure  360L of biogas (~enough to cook for 1 person for 1 day) (Saubolle & Bachmann, 1983)

  4. Neighbor’s Digester • Cost $200 • Expensive materials • Hard to install • Requires specialist

  5. Design Criteria: • Costs $80 or less • Produces 2800 liters of biogas/day • 15,000 Kcal • Cooks for 6 people • Lasts at least 5 years • Easy to install

  6. Design Method

  7. Design Method

  8. Biogas Digesters Worldwide • Floating Drum • Egg Shaped • http://www.water-technology.net/projects/reading_sewage/images/Island-Road-2.jpg • http://www.snisd.org.cn/images/05126b.JPG • Fixed Dome • Plastic Bag http://www.saintsfarm.org/photos/biogas_digester_2_large.jpg http://www.inforse.dk/asia/images/M_III_biogas3.jpg

  9. Our Full-Scale Designs Brick Design • Masonry and cement • Readily available materials • Requires sealant Plastic Design • Polyethylene • Easier to install • Mass producible http://www.journeytoforever.org/biofuel_library/methane_nepal.html

  10. Selection Matrix: Material for Digester

  11. Testing Prototypes Testing the effects of: • Stirring • Heating by compost • Changing material type • Brick • Plastic

  12. Brick Prototype 3.5u Dome V = 151.37u3 10.1u (add 0.1u) V = 825u3 Wall Floor 10.2u (add 0.1u)

  13. Plastic Prototype (Bucket) 4.2u V = 151.64u3 1.5u V = 825u3 10.1u (add 0.1u) 10.2u (add 0.1u)

  14. Future Work Timeline • Talk to technicians and receive feedback from Bangladesh (Pricing) • Jan 21-Jan 28 • Determine thickness of plastic • Jan 29-Feb 4 • Obtain materials and site location • Jan 29- Feb 4 • Detail design of prototypes • Feb 5-Feb 11

  15. Cont. • Build prototypes for testing • Feb 12-Feb 18 • Begin digestion • Feb 19- March 4 • Detail the design of full scale digester • Feb 19-March 4 • Obtain experimental data • Feb 19-March 4

  16. Additional Citations • Saubolle, B., & Bachmann, A. (1983). Fuel Gas from Cowdung. Kathmandu: Sahayogi Press.

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