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Developing Scalable Design for Converting Biogas to Electricity

Developing Scalable Design for Converting Biogas to Electricity. Group 22 Sung Hoon Bae (BME) Daniel Rim (ChBE) Chris Zachara (ChBE) Advisor: Dr. David Owens Owen Graduate School of Management.

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Developing Scalable Design for Converting Biogas to Electricity

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  1. Developing Scalable Design for Converting Biogas to Electricity Group 22 Sung Hoon Bae (BME) Daniel Rim (ChBE) Chris Zachara (ChBE) Advisor: Dr. David OwensOwen Graduate School of Management Bae, Rim, Zachara http://www.bme.vanderbilt.edu/srdesign/2009/group22/ BME 272: Oral Report #1

  2. Outline • Problem statement • Objective • Background: biogas • Methods • Current status • Future work • Importance

  3. Problem Statement • Bangladesh • High population/high poverty rate • Population: 162 Million – 7th • GDP (PPP): $1,500 per capita – 153rd http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f2/Bangladesh_(orthographic_projection).svg

  4. Problem Statement • Only 30% electricity distribution (2002) • 25% in urban and 10% in rural (2000) • 79% of population in rural (1999) • Government efforts • 30% to 38% distribution from 2002-2008 • Slow progression

  5. Objective • Create a generator (biogas) • Household scale • “Reasonable” retail price • Sufficient output electricity • 1-2 100W light bulbs for 6 hrs/day http://image09.webshots.com/9/2/10/75/112721075ZEGbyv_fs.jpg http://www.odec.ca/projects/2007/sidd7g2/Images/appelectricty.gif http://www.ct.gov/opapd/lib/opapd/newsletter-pics/dollar2520squeezed.jpg

  6. Background: Biogas • Anaerobic digestion or fermentation • Biodegradable materials • Biomass, manure, sewage, and etc. • Composition • Methane: 50-70% • Dioxide: 30-40% • Hydrogen: 5-10% • Nitrogen: 1-2% • Application • Electricity and heating

  7. Background: Why Biogas? • Clean Fuel • 80% less hydrocarbon and 60% less nitrogen oxides than diesel • Negligible concentrated particles or dust • Availability • Organic material – virtually unlimited • Animal waste, food waste, and etc. • 65% labor force in agriculture in Bangladesh

  8. Methods Biogas digester http://www.i-sis.org.uk/graphics/chinaBiogas.jpg

  9. Methods Control Electricity Generator Biogas digester http://www.i-sis.org.uk/graphics/chinaBiogas.jpg

  10. Current Status • Research • Biogas • General information • Biogas power plant • Generator • Fluid (liquid vs. gas) • Material selection • Design • Brainstorming

  11. Future Work • Brainstorming session with all three project groups • Consult with ChBE, ME, and EECE experts about the project/design • Generate drawings and specs and hopefully order necessary materials over winter break • Find an appropriate place to make and test the prototype

  12. Importance • Provide electricity in rural area with reasonable price • May help with sanitization problem • Increase activity time at night • Can be distributed to other countries as well

  13. References • Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2009) (.PDF). World Population Prospects, Table A.1. 2008 revision. United Nations. <http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf>. Retrieved 2009-03-12. • "Bangladesh". <International Monetary Fund. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2006&ey=2009&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=513&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=35&pr.y=9. Retrieved 2009-10-01>. • <http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/IDA/0,,contentMDK:21387765~menuPK:3266877~pagePK:51236175~piPK:437394~theSitePK:73154,00.html>. • <http://www.geni.org/globalenergy/library/national_energy_grid/bangladesh/index.shtml>. . • http://www.malmberg.se/module.asp?XModuleId=14085

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