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NAICS breakdown for broadcasting and telecommunications industries. 3 Digit Industry Group. 4 Digit Industry. 5 Digit U.S. National Industry. 2 Digit Industry Subsector. Broadcasting and telecommunications. Radio and television broadcasting. Wire telecommunication carriers. Paging.
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NAICS breakdown for broadcasting and telecommunications industries 3 DigitIndustry Group 4 DigitIndustry 5 DigitU.S. National Industry 2 DigitIndustry Subsector Broadcasting andtelecommunications Radio and televisionbroadcasting Wiretelecommunicationcarriers Paging Wirelesstelecommunicationcarriers, exceptsatellite paging Cable networks andprogram distribution Cellular and otherwirelesstelecommunications Telecommunications Telecommunicationsresellers Satellitetelecommunications Othertelecommunications
Key characteristics of organizational buying behavior (first part) Market Characteristics • Demand for industrial products and servicesis derived. • Few customers typically exist, and their purchaseorders are large. Product or Service Characteristics • Products or services are technical in nature andpurchased on the basis of specifications. • There is a predominance of raw and semifinishedgoods purchased. • Heavy emphasis is placed on delivery time, technical assistance, postal service, and financing assistance.
Key characteristics of organizational buying behavior (final part) Buying Process Characteristics • Technically qualified and professional buyers exist and follow established purchasing policies and procedures • Buying objectives and criteria are typically spelled out, as are procedures for evaluating sellers and products (services). • Multiple buying influences exist, and multiple parties participatein purchase decisions. • Reciprocal arrangements exist, and negotiation between buyersand sellers is commonplace. Other Marketing Mix Characteristics • Direct selling to organizational buyers is the rule, and physical distribution is very important • Advertising and other forms of promotion are technical in nature. • Price is often negotiated, evaluated as part of broader seller and product (service) qualities, typically inelastic owing to deriveddemand, and frequently affected by trade and quality discounts.
QualitySpecifications DeliverySchedules Price OrganizationalBuying Criteria TechnicalCapability PastPerformance Warranty/Claim Policies ProductionFacilities/Capacity Key organizational buying criteria
Five roles in the buying center User Initiator DecisionMaker Gatekeeper Influencer
Three types of buying situations Long/ uncertain Newbuy Modifiedbuy Decision time and problem definition Straightrebuy Short/well defined Many Few Number of people in buying centerand number of suppliers considered