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Mastering Sentence Structures: A Comprehensive Guide

Learn about sentence types, parts, clauses, compound, complex sentences, and how to avoid run-on sentences in this comprehensive guide. Perfect for students and writers!

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Mastering Sentence Structures: A Comprehensive Guide

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  1. Sentences • A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. • Every sentence begins with a capital letter. • Everysentence must have punctuation at the end.

  2. Types of Sentences • Declarative – makes a statement and ends with a period. • Michelle and Toni went for walk. • Interrogative – asks a question and ends with a question mark. • Where did they go? • Imperative – gives a command or makes a request and ends with a period. • Go and call them back right now. • Exclamatory – expresses strong feelings and ends with an exclamation point. • I’m so excited about this hike!

  3. Sentence Parts • Every complete sentence has a subject and a predicate. • The subject is who the sentence is about. • The predicate is what the subject is doing.

  4. Sentence Subject • The complete subject includes all the words that tell what or whom the sentence is about. • The simple subject is the main word or words in the complete subject. • My cousin Sam enjoyed her visit to New York.

  5. Sentence Predicate • The complete predicate includes all of the words that tells what the subject does. • The simple predicate is the main word or words in the complete predicate. • My cousin Sam enjoyed her visit to new York.

  6. Compound Sentences • A compound sentence contains two sentences joined by a conjunction • Conjunctions – and ,or, but • A comma comes before the conjunction between the two sentences.

  7. Do you want the soup for lunch, or do you want the sandwich? • Do you want the soup for lunch, or do you want the sandwich? • I like to go to the park, and I also like to ride my bike. • I like to go to the park, and I also like to ride my bike. • I like to go to the park and ride my bike.

  8. Clauses • A clause is a group of words with a subject and a predicate • Whenever I read a story. • This clause cannot stand alone as a sentence. It is a dependent clause. • I like to sit in a comfortable spot when I read. • This clause can stand alone as a sentence. It is an independent clause.

  9. Complex Sentences • A complex sentence contains an independent clause and one (or more) dependent clauses. • When a dependent clause comes at the beginning of a sentence, use a comma after the dependent clause. • Whenever I read I like to find a comfortable spot. • Whenever I read, I like to find a comfortable spot. • I like to find a comfortable spot whenever I read.

  10. Run-on Sentence • A run-on sentence is one in which two independent clauses (sentences) have been connected incorrectly.

  11. Avoiding Run-on Sentences • Some students think they can put homework off until the last minute, they are probably wrong. • This is an example of the dreaded COMMA SPLICE! • A comma splice connects two independent clauses with only a comma. (Oh MY!!!)

  12. There are several ways to correct a run-on. • 1. Insert a period • Some students think they can put homework off until the last minute. They are probably wrong. • 2. Add a comma plus a conjunction. • Some students think they can put homework off until the last minute, but they are probably wrong.

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