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Digital Manipulation. Amanda Franklin Frances Nicholson. What is digital manipulation?. The process of altering the existence of a digital image or video. It can include any level of change. Cropping, color enhancement, removing objects, altering the setting, combining two or more images.
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Digital Manipulation Amanda Franklin Frances Nicholson
What is digital manipulation? • The process of altering the existence of a digital image or video. • It can include any level of change. • Cropping, color enhancement, removing objects, altering the setting, combining two or more images
ARGUMENTS Digital manipulation is acceptable as long as the content of the image is not altered. • The public should be sophisticated enough to realize that digital manipulation is occurring.
Examples of Content Altering Images British politicians Ed Matts and Ann Widdecombe
The Other Side • Photo manipulation has been around almost as long as photography itself. • Hippolyte Bayard (1840) • Civil War • Abraham Lincoln (~1860) • Joseph Stalin (1920s)
Joseph Stalin and Propaganda Joseph Stalin and Nikolai Yezhov, 1940
Famous Examples John Kerry - Peace Rally, Mineola, NY (June 1971) Jane Fonda - Political Rally, Miami Beach, FL (August 1972)
In 1982 National Geographic used a horizontal photo of the pyramids in Egypt and created a vertical cover from the picture.
In 1994 Time Magazine used a picture of O.J. Simpson on the cover of the magazine in which his face had been darkened.
Video Manipulation • Splicing, speeding up • Video insertion and deletion
What can be done to solve this problem? • Identify which images have been altered • Watermark • Caption • Hologram on IDs