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Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809

Chapter 4 Section 3 Objective 1.03 – assess commercial & diplomatic relationships with other nations. Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809. Marbury v Madison.

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Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809

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  1. Chapter 4 Section 3 Objective 1.03 – assess commercial & diplomatic relationships with other nations Thomas Jefferson1801-1809

  2. Marbury v Madison • Judiciary Act of 1801 – allowed creation of 16 new justices on circuit courts and when a vacancy occurred in the Supreme Court that vacancy would not be filled moving the number of justices from 6 to 5. • “Midnight Judges” – the 16 new judges Adams signed into office the last night as president – William Marbury was one of them • James Madison – new secretary of state for Pres. Jefferson • John Marshall – Chief Justice – Federalist • Judicial Review – Supreme Court may declare laws unconstitutional – giving it a check on the other branches making it equal to them.

  3. Jefferson & the Barbary Pirates • Barbary Pirates ruled the North African coast • 1795- US paid bribe of $1 Million to ruler of Algiers. • 1801- Tripoli declared war on the US, Jefferson sent the “Mosquito Fleet” to Mediterranean—1st foreign military conflict. • 1805- US threatened a coup in Tripoli. • 1815- US ended any tribute to Barbary Pirates

  4. Jefferson and Foreign Affairs • 1800 Spain gives Louisiana territory back to France. • France now controlled lower Mississippi River. • US might have to make alliance with Britain (Jefferson despised this idea).

  5. *The Louisiana Purchase • 1803 • Robert Livingston – sent to buy Louisiana from France • $15 million = $1/acre • Doubled the US size • Jefferson was faced with a dilemma: didn’t believe he had the constitutional power to buy territory but the offer was too good to refuse • Preservation of the republic through peaceful expansion

  6. The Louisiana Purchase 1790 Map of the US

  7. The Louisiana Purchase 1803 Map of the US

  8. Lewis & Clark Expedition • Meriwether Lewis & William Clark • Sent by Jefferson to explore the new territory and discover a passable way to the Pacific • Sacajawea – Shoshone Indian girl used to guide and interpret • 1804 – Corps of Discovery • Gave the US a claim to Oregon

  9. Lewis & Clark Expedition

  10. Effects • Pike’s Expedition– Another expedition led to explore Texas & Colorado – found Pike’s Peak • Essex Junto– group of Federalists who wanted New England to secede from the Union – led by Vice President Burr

  11. Foreign Policy • 1805 • France & Britain at war (again) • Impressments – British capturing US sailors & forcing them to fight for the British • Napoleon & France gaining control of Europe • Both nations began making decrees against trade thereby almost ending US trade & hurting the economy • Jefferson wanted to remain neutral • Embargo of 1807 – banned all trade between the US & with Europe • It ruined the American economy grinding it to a halt

  12. “OGRABME”--- Reaction in the US to the EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 REPEALED IN 1809

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