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New Technology, Part 2

New Technology, Part 2. Personal computing to the World Wide Web. Schedule Update. Today: Internet and World Wide Web Please sign attendance sheet Pick up Exam 3 scores (after class) Next week: Thanksgiving Break NO CLASS Week of Nov. 29: Media law and ethics. Exam 4.

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New Technology, Part 2

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  1. New Technology, Part 2 Personal computing to the World Wide Web JAMM 100

  2. Schedule Update • Today: Internet and World Wide Web • Please sign attendance sheet • Pick up Exam 3 scores (after class) • Next week: Thanksgiving Break • NO CLASS • Week of Nov. 29: Media law and ethics JAMM 100

  3. Exam 4 • Thursday, Dec. 16, 10 a.m. • No early exams allowed • “I have received, read, and understand all the information contained in the course syllabus for JAMM 100, Media & Society. I am aware that the final exam is on Thursday, Dec. 16, 2010, at 10 a.m.” JAMM 100

  4. Clicker Quiz #1 The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: a) Financial planning b) Word processing c) Playing games d) Electronic mail e) Artillery calculations for the Army JAMM 100

  5. Clicker Quiz #11 The first large U.S. computer, the ENIAC, was used for: e) Artillery calculations for the Army JAMM 100

  6. Miniaturization • Vacuum tube (1904) • Transistor (1947) • Printed circuit (1960s) • Microchip (1970s) JAMM 100

  7. Moore’s Law: 1965 Gordon Moore, former CEO of Intel, predicted: • Computing speed, memory would double every 2 years • Computers would get smaller JAMM 100

  8. Moore’s Law JAMM 100

  9. 1st Personal Computer • 1975: Altair 8800 • Sold as a mail-order kit • Used an Intel memory chip • No keyboard or monitor • Imitators followed, including 1st Apple JAMM 100

  10. Personal Computing • April 1, 1976: 1st Apple computer • Steve Wozniak (l) & Steve Jobs • 1st graphical interface using ‘mouse’ JAMM 100

  11. Personal Computing • IBM personal computer • Sold 1981-1987 • Originally designed for businesses to replace main-frame computers JAMM 100

  12. 1984: Apple introduces the Mac • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYecfV3ubP8

  13. 1984: Apple introduces the Mac • Shown during Super Bowl, Jan. 22, 1984 • Critics called it ‘masterpiece’ of advertising • Does Big Brother represent IBM?

  14. 1984: Apple introduces the Mac • Director: Ridley Scott • Blade Runner (1982)

  15. Computing as Communication Convergence of 3 technologies: • Calculator • Typewriter • Telegraph JAMM 100

  16. Telegraphy • Point-to-point communication • Morse Code • Dots, dashes were analog version of 0s, 1s • Telegraph lines = network JAMM 100

  17. The Internet Convergence of trends: • Information sharing by mainframes (1960s) • Personal computing (1980s) • Enhanced graphic capability (1990s) JAMM 100

  18. Internet: 1960s • Height of Cold War • Fear of Soviet nuclear attack • Pentagon wanted to be sure military could communicate • Rand Corp. (think tank) designed original network … but never built • i.e., the Net JAMM 100

  19. Internet: 1960s • 1969: DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) connected 4 U.S. universities • UCLA • UC-Santa Barbara • Stanford • University of Utah JAMM 100

  20. Internet History: Video JAMM 100

  21. Internet History: 1970s-1980s • 1973: Net goes international (Britain, Norway) • 1982: “Internet” first used to describe international network JAMM 100

  22. World Wide Web • 1991: Tim Berners-Lee suggests idea at Swiss research institute • 1993: Mosaic browser created at University of Illinois • 1995: Mosaic becomes Netscape [now defunct] JAMM 100

  23. World Wide Web Characteristics: • Graphics/icons • Hypertext links: ability to go from site to site by clicking • Multi-media (images, audio, video) JAMM 100

  24. URL: Universal Resource Locator hypertext transfer protocol: http host computer: uidaho top-level domain (TLD): edu World Wide Web JAMM 100

  25. Original top-level domains .com, .edu, .org, .net, .gov, Recent additions .aero, .biz, .coop, .info., .name, .tv Now: Chinese, Arabic, other non-Latin alphabet characters World Wide Web JAMM 100

  26. Understanding the Web • Decentralized design • No central editor • Interactivity: Users = producers JAMM 100

  27. Internet Regulation • Outside FCC’s jurisdiction • 1996: Congress passed Communications Decency Act • 1997: Supreme Court overturned CDA (restriction on free speech) JAMM 100

  28. Internet Regulation • Today: No one controls content • Technology outpaces regulation • Analogy: The Wild West JAMM 100

  29. Clicker Quiz #2 What was the original rationale for the Internet? • Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton recognized the commercial potential of shopping by computer. • Ted Turner saw it as a logical extension of his 24-hour news channel, CNN. • The Pentagon was looking for a way to maintain communications after a nuclear attack. • Microsoft founder Bill Gates sought a new application for personal computers. • Congress authorized it in the Freedom of Information Act of 1966. JAMM 100

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