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The 1 st & 2 nd Great Awakening & the cultural changes in 1800s America

Explore the religious revival movement of the Great Awakening and its impact on American society. Learn about the leaders, cultural shifts, and significant reforms like women's rights, prison reform, education reform, and the abolitionist movement.

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The 1 st & 2 nd Great Awakening & the cultural changes in 1800s America

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  1. The 1st & 2nd Great Awakening & the cultural changes in 1800s America

  2. 1st Great Awakening 1730s - 1740s

  3. What was the Great Awakening? • Religious revival movement. • Evangelicalism-- “new birth” is the ultimate religious experience. • Followers accept that they are sinners and ask for salvation.

  4. Before the Great Awakening • Before 1730s, most colonies had established religions: • Congregationalists in New England (basically Puritans) • Anglicans in New York and Southern Colonies (same as Church of England)

  5. “Old Lights” vs. “New Lights” • Churches that grew as a result of the Great Awakening: Presbyterianism, Methodism, Baptism (“New Lights”) • Great Awakening challenged authority and hierarchy of established churches (“Old Lights:” Congregationalists and Anglicans). • Great Awakening said anyone could be converted or “born again”; you didn’t need traditional church leadership to decide whether or not you belong.

  6. Leaders of the 1st Great Awakening George Whitefield Jonathan Edwards

  7. The Second Great Awakening • Evangelical Reform from within • Social Reform • Equality (preached to whites & blacks alike; also women)

  8. 1. Women in America

  9. Women in the 1800s • Women’s Place • Cook, clean, care for children, take family to church • Unable to vote • Rights of a minor • Could own property, but forfeited to husband upon marriage • Could not initiate divorce • Could not sign contracts or wills • No education/schooling

  10. Seneca Falls Convention (NY) • Beginning of the Women’s Rights Movement • GOAL: Suffrage (Right to Vote) • Leaders: • Lucretia Mott • Elizabeth Cady Stanton • Susan B. Anthony

  11. 2. Prison Reform • Dorothea Dix • Rehabilitation • Care for Mentally Ill

  12. 3. Education Reform • Noah Webster • Dictionary • Horace Mann • “Education beyond all other human devices, is a great equalizer of the human condition………It prevents being poor.” • Tax Supported Schools (public schools)

  13. 4. Abolition • Desired an end to slavery • Based in both Religion and Resistance • Abolitionist Movement • Gradualists • Immediatists • Free Blacks

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