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Religion Sparks Reform

Religion Sparks Reform . Section 8*1 pp. 240-245. Preview Questions . What was the Second Great Awakening? What was transcendentalism? What did Americans attempt to reform? . I. The Second Great Awakening . Second Great Awakening Evangelical movement Dramatic religious conversions

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Religion Sparks Reform

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  1. Religion Sparks Reform Section 8*1 pp. 240-245

  2. Preview Questions • What was the Second Great Awakening? • What was transcendentalism? • What did Americans attempt to reform?

  3. I. The Second Great Awakening • Second Great Awakening • Evangelical movement • Dramatic religious conversions • Focus on individual salvation and social reform

  4. I. The Second Great Awakening • Revivalism • Roving preachers set up revival camps • Charles Finney: “Father of modern revivalism” • Increase in church membership

  5. I. The Second Great Awakening • The Burned-Over-District • Epicenter of revivalism: Western New York • Many new denominations • Communal societies • Reforms like abolitionism and temperance

  6. I. The Second Great Awakening • The African American Church • “Democratic Churches” expand religion • Social, political, cultural centers

  7. II. Transcendentalism • Transcendentalism • Led by Emerson and Thoreau • Truth found in nature, emotion, and imagination • Dignity of the individual • Promoted self-reliance, optimism, freedom • Civil Disobedience • Unitarianism • Faith in the individual • Reason and conscience as path to perfection

  8. III. Ideal Communities • Utopian Communities • Goal: create a perfect place • Inspired by idealism to improve mankind • Not long-lasting

  9. III. Ideal Communities • Shaker Communities • Value sharing, gender equality, peace • No marriage or children

  10. IV. School & Prison Reform • Asylums and Prisons • Dorothea Dix • Reformers emphasize rehabilitation and hope • Education • Set up publicly supported schools • Education is essential to democracy

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