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Central vs Local: Civilian vs Military.  Some Comparative Aspects of Policing

Central vs Local: Civilian vs Military.  Some Comparative Aspects of Policing. Clive Emsley, Emeritus Professor, Department of History, Open University, Milton Keynes. Civilian and Military. Fra nce Police nationale Ita ly Polizia di Stato. Fra nce Gendarmerie nationale Ita ly

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Central vs Local: Civilian vs Military.  Some Comparative Aspects of Policing

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  1. Central vs Local: Civilian vs Military.  Some Comparative Aspects of Policing Clive Emsley, Emeritus Professor, Department of History, Open University, Milton Keynes

  2. Civilian and Military France Police nationale Italy Polizia di Stato France Gendarmerie nationale Italy Carabinieri

  3. ‘British Police’‘UK Police’? 43 English and Welsh Forces 8 Scottish forces PSNI British Transport Police Ministry of Defence Police Etc But IPAB markets the “UK Police Brand”

  4. UK Models? English Police – Charles Reith‘Kin police’ for a consensual society Irish/Colonial Model – Sir Charles Jeffries1. Securing territory2. Suppression of violence3. Prevention of crime (Gendarmeries in all but name?)

  5. A typology for the 19th century State military (gendarmeries) State civilian Municipal

  6. Twentieth-Century Changes 1Europe Centralisation France 1941 Germany c.1936 Militarisation France – maintained division Germany – late 1940s to 1950s

  7. Twentieth-Century Changes 2Centralisation England • Amalgamations • End of Watch Committees and SJCs • Home Secretary’s role in committee appointments France • Paris incorporated into Police nationale (1967) • Police nationale and Gendarmerie under Ministry of Interior (2009)

  8. Federal Systems Germany • Federal forces:Bundespolizei (from old BGS)BundeskriminalamtParliamentary Police • Lander forces (15)LandespolizeiKripo USA • Federal forces:FBIDEA • States (49) and MunicipalThousands of them

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