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Arthropods and Echinoderms

Arthropods and Echinoderms. Animals Chapter 2 sections 3 & 4. Characteristics of Arthropods. 75% of all known species Jointed limbs Segmented body Exoskeleton Well developed nervous system. Jointed Legs. Arthro means jointed Pod means foot. Segments.

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Arthropods and Echinoderms

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  1. Arthropods and Echinoderms Animals Chapter 2 sections 3 & 4

  2. Characteristics of Arthropods • 75% of all known species • Jointed limbs • Segmented body • Exoskeleton • Well developed nervous system

  3. Jointed Legs • Arthro means jointed • Pod means foot

  4. Segments • Some have virtually identical segments (millipede) • Some have very different segments (grasshopper)

  5. Exoskeleton • External skeleton made of chitin • Sheds to allow growth in a process called molting • Keeps organism from drying out • Protects organism • Helps with movement

  6. Nervous System • Head and brain • Some have simple eyes that can detect light but not make an image • Most have compound eyes that allow them to see images • Bristles that sense movement, vibrations, chemicals

  7. Centipedes Carnivores 1 pair of legs per segment One pair of antennae Millipedes Herbivores Two pairs of legs per segment One pair of antennae Centipedes and Millipedes

  8. Crustaceans • Shrimp, barnacles, crabs, lobsters • Gills • Two pair of antennae • Eyes on stalks

  9. Arachnids • Spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks • Two main body parts: cephalothorax – head and thorax (chest) combined abdomen – stomach area • No antennae • Four pairs of walking legs • Chelicerae instead of mandible (pinchers instead of jaw) • Eight simple eyes

  10. Insects • Largest group of arthropods • Live everywhere on earth except oceans • Good because pollinate flowers • Bad because they are pests, eat crops, can carry disease • Three part body – head, thorax, abdomen • Some have wings

  11. Metamorphosis- A change in form from egg to adult • Incomplete metamorphosis- egg, nymph, adult • Baby looks like small adult

  12. Metamorphosis continued • Complete metamorphosis • Full change from egg to adult • Four stages – egg, larva, pupa, adult

  13. Echinoderms • Term means “spiny skinned” • Has Endoskeleton which is inside the body • Water vascular system – water pressure helps with feeding, breathing and movement

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