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MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL

MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL. The endogenous retroviral locus ERVWE1 is a bona fide gene involved in hominoid placental physiology. One hundred fourteenth. 2 nd grade Park Eun Sil. MPL I June 19 Saturday , 2004 I no. 114 I 1-.

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MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL

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  1. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL The endogenous retroviral locus ERVWE1 is a bona fide gene involved in hominoid placental physiology One hundred fourteenth 2nd grade Park Eun Sil MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 1-

  2. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL HERV-W env & syncytin • HERV elements were found to • - multiple sclerosis (Perron et al., 1997) • - schizophrenia (Karlsson et al., 2001) • - testis (Mi et al., 2000) • - placenta (Blond et al., 1999) • Intact HERV-W on chromosome 7q21, • 7q22 have 100% identity to SYNCYTIN gene • ERVWE1 was shown to be the unique • copy of the whole family having retained • a complete env ORF One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 2 www.primate.or.kr

  3. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Analysis of PCR from human-rodent monochromosomal cell lines One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 3 www.primate.or.kr

  4. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL 10kb One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 4 www.primate.or.kr

  5. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Global sequencing strategy of the ERVWE1 locus Few polymorphic 4 Full-length provirus : ~0.05% 48 partial sequence : from 0.005% to 0.2% for the 5 LTRs and the 3 LTRs, respectively, 0.04% for the env ORF One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 5 www.primate.or.kr

  6. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Analysis of the ERVWE1 LTRs in the human population(1) One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 6 www.primate.or.kr

  7. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Analysis of the ERVWE1 LTRs in the human population(2) One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 7 www.primate.or.kr

  8. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Env Polymorphic Variants Are Functionally Preserved One hundred fourteenth 5 mutation - 1 synonymous (VRSS) 4 nonsynonymous (VRnS, VqnS, aRSS, VqSf) MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 8 www.primate.or.kr

  9. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Formation of syncytia by ERVWE1 envelopes One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 9 www.primate.or.kr

  10. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Comparison of the main features of the human ERVWE1 locus One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 10 www.primate.or.kr

  11. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Analysis of the ERVWE1 LTRs in hominoids One hundred fourteenth Ks/Ks = 0.8 MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 11 www.primate.or.kr

  12. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Alignments of the env translated region One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 12 www.primate.or.kr

  13. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Receptor-mediated fusion analysis One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 13 www.primate.or.kr

  14. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Discussion Age –1. Retrotransposed at 15~20myr 2. fixed in the hominoid, degenerated in the OWM ERVWE1 locus has tissue specificity 5 HERVWE1 LTR was the most active promoter in BeWo cells. This recently acquired gene has become a bona fide gene. Because the majority of the Eutherians do not contain the young ERVWE1 locus, it will be challenging to ascertain whether this retroviral acquisition represents an additional adaptive or substitutive mechanism for placental morphogenesis One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 14 www.primate.or.kr

  15. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Evidence of selection on the domesticated ERVWE1 env retroviral element involved in plascentation Research Article Bertrand Bonnaud*, Olivier Bouton*, Guy Oriol*, Valerie Cheynet*, Laurent Duret+ and Francois Mallet* One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 15 www.primate.or.kr

  16. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Alignment of orthologous and paralogous env sequences LQMV One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 16 www.primate.or.kr

  17. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Formation of syncytia by ERVWE1 envelopes One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 17 www.primate.or.kr

  18. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL The sum of kimura distances 0.079 0.089 0.050 One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 18 www.primate.or.kr

  19. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Local comparison of indelrate None of these indels occurred within the env ORF One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 19 www.primate.or.kr

  20. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Phylogenetic analysis of the Ka/Ks ratio One hundred fourteenth MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 20 www.primate.or.kr

  21. MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL MPL Analysis of the Ka/Ks ratio along the env gene 1.2 = positive selection 0.56 = purifying selection ERVWE1 env has been subject to the action of natural selection One hundred fourteenth 0.8 = neutral evolution MPL I June 19 Saturday, 2004 I no. 114 I 21 www.primate.or.kr

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