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Electric Charge

Electric Charge. Positive & Negative Charge. Protons—positive charge Electrons-negative charge Protons=electrons. Atom becomes negatively charged when it gains extra electrons Atom becomes positively charged when it loses electrons Positively or negatively charged atoms are called ions.

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Electric Charge

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  1. Electric Charge

  2. Positive & Negative Charge • Protons—positive charge • Electrons-negative charge Protons=electrons

  3. Atom becomes negatively charged when it gains extra electrons • Atom becomes positively charged when it loses electrons • Positively or negatively charged atoms are called ions.

  4. Electrons Move • Electrons can move from atom to atom and from object to object • One way electrons can be transferred is by rubbing • Example: rubbing balloon on hair • Hair loses electrons– “+” charge • Balloon gains electrons– “-” charge • Two items attract each other

  5. Imbalance of electric charge on an object is called static charge

  6. Electric Forces • All charged object exert an electric force on each other • Charges can be attractive or repulsive + + - - + -

  7. Electric force between two electric charges depends on • Distance between two charges • Amount of charge on each • Electric charges exert a force on each other at a distance through an electric field + -

  8. Insulators & Conductors • Insulator—material in which electrons cannot move easily from place to place • Plastic, wood, glass, rubber • Conductor—materials that contain electrons that CAN move more easily • Copper, gold, aluminum

  9. Induced Charge • Electric discharge—rapid movement of excess charge from one place to another • Lighting • Spark that jumps between your fingers and metal doorknob • Grounding—process of providing a path to drain excess charge • Lightning rod—conduct electricity into ground if rod is struck by lightning

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