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Networking Fundamentals: Data Representation & Internet Connectivity

Learn about binary & hexadecimal systems, converting numbers, IP addresses, NIC installation, PC hardware, and troubleshooting Internet connections. Hands-on labs and theoretical modules included.

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Networking Fundamentals: Data Representation & Internet Connectivity

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  1. Semester 1 Module 1

  2. Module Index • Network Math • Binary presentation of data • Bits and bytes • Base 10 number system • Base 2 number system • Converting decimal numbers to 8-bit binary numbers • Converting 8-bit binary numbers to decimal numbers • Four-octet dotted decimal representation of 32-bit binary numbers • Hexadecimal • Boolean or binary logic • IP addresses and network masks • Module : Introduction to Networking • Connecting to the Internet • Requirements for Internet connection • PC basics • Network interface card • NIC and modem installation • Overview of high-speed and dial-up connectivity • TCP/IP description and configuration • Testing connectivity with ping • Web browser and plug-Ins • Troubleshooting Internet connection problems

  3. Labs • 1.1.6 PC Network TCP/IP tools • 1.1.7 Ping & Tracert • 1.1.9 Troubleshooting PC&Network • 1.2.5 Decimal to Binary • 1.2.6 Binary to Decimal • 1.2.8 Hexadicimal

  4. Connection to the Internet

  5. PC Hardware • Resistor – • Connector • Light emitting diode (LED) • Random-access memory (RAM) • Read-only memory (ROM) • Expansion slot • Power supply • Network interface card (NIC)

  6. NIC • Protocols – Ethernet, Token Ring, or FDDI • Types of media – Twisted-pair, coaxial, wireless, or fiber-optic • Type of system bus – PCI or ISA A NIC must be installed for each device on a network Situations that require NIC installation include the following: • Installation of a NIC on a PC that does not already have one • Replacement of a malfunctioning or damaged NIC • Upgrade from a 10-Mbps NIC to a 10/100/1000-Mbps NIC • Change to a different type of NIC, such as wireless • Installation of a secondary, or backup, NIC for network security reasons

  7. winipcfg

  8. ipconfig

  9. Ping ping 127.0.0.1 . ping IP address of host computer ping default-gateway IP address ping remote destination IP address

  10. Ping

  11. Tracert

  12. Troubleshoot

  13. Bit&Byte

  14. Decimal system (Base 10)

  15. Binary system (Base 2)

  16. Conversion

  17. Convertion • 218 = 11011010 • 218÷2=109remainder0 • 109÷2=54remainder1 • 54÷2=27remainder0 • 27÷2=13remainder1 • 13÷2=6remainder1 • 6÷2=3remainder0 • 3÷2=1remainder1 • 1÷2=0remainder1

  18. Dotted Decimal notation

  19. Hexadecimal 0x5D

  20. Conversion Bin to Hex

  21. Boolean logic • NOT – • AND – • OR –

  22. IP Math

  23. IP Math 11111111000000000000000000000000 written in dotted decimal as 255.0.0.0 11111111111111110000000000000000 written in dotted decimal as 255.255.0.0 The IP address 10.34.23.134 in binary is 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110

  24. IP Math • 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000 • 10.0.0.0 • 00001010.00100010.00010111.10000110 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 00001010.00100010.00000000.00000000 • 10.34.0.0

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