Body Language - The Foundations

1. Body Language - The Foundations BODY LANGUAGE — TIHIE IJECDDUINI ©ATII©INIS —

2. WHAT’S INSIDE 0 9 6:3 6 Whylearn Appreciating Body Cultural Nuts&Bo| ts KeéIeglI: ::S°f flemst language? Differences WW

3. EARLY CONTRIBUTORS or-' BODY LANGUAGE llharles Danvin concluded that humans‘ ability to express ""3 “'51 WW" WW9" Wiiik 3X“'"3iV9'ii emotionsteelings, and attitudesthrougb posture and 3|1|1i°55i| iE'1°“ii |3|i£"32° isiiihli 3"'W9i'5 gesture, stems from prehistoric apesthat most resemble c"m“w“'A3 “THE NATURAL LANGUABE “F today’s chimpanzees in his published findings -THE THE "RN11 EXPRESSIUN or THE EMUTIUNS IN MAN AND ANIMALS. 1644 1372 E 1700 1800 1605 English philosopher, politician and scientist, Sir Francis Bacon, wrote and published his work -UFTHE PRUFIEIENBE AND AlIiiANiIEMENT [IF LEAiiNINi: .iJIiiINEANi1 HUMAN. In it, Bacon mentioned about gestures of the body when discussing the concept of knowledge of ourselves. He was arguably the first person to consider body language from an empirical perspective.

4. EARLY CONTRIBUTORS OF BODY LANGUAGE When SILENEE MBVIES were internretations of human first introduced, mi yearned behaviour, based on ethological research, were | yow[1isp| ayfee| ing3,attitu|1e published in THE NAKED APE. Further publications and and status by mimicking the media presentations continueto reveal how much our | ]|)dy| anguageoft|1e character non-verbal behaviour is based on our animal nature. they played. ' 1 O 5 Paul Ekman and W V Friesen developed the FAEIALAIITIUN 1 9 505 l3lil]| Nli SYSTEM (FAl2S)to measure, describe, and interpret Amman anthropologist R-8! facial behavioursihis instrument is designed to measure mwmsten mum“ KINESIES eventhe slightest facial muscle contractionsand determine _ _ _ what category or categories each facial action fits into. It as “'3” "A '"A""A 3"“ mam“ can detect whatthe naked eye can't and is used by law A" """“’e"”' A"’m"’i°"" enforcement agencies, film animators, and researches of human behaviour.

5. Why Learn Body Language?

6. fsodig language 3 . i p i, ,» ---4--L SWMAS Ci’ ’. .'/ '2'. J” than arig words 5 gov can ever ; — ~ y’ viter. i (I A i; ¢:%j v‘ : ‘;! ” A. ,r—$”"fi2""*+>: _,'Vi7/ HA «

7. speech is a reiativeig new introduction to the communication process and is mainig used to conveg information. including facts and data.

8. eodig language, on the other hand. has been around forever. without relging on the spoken word for confirmation, the bodigs movements conveig feelings. attitudes, and emotions.

9. eodg language, on the other hand, has been around forever. without relging on the spoken word for confirmation, the bodg's movements conveg moods, attitudes, and emotions. Like it or not, gour bodg language, or non-verbal behaviour, sags more about gou, gour emotions, moods, and attitudes than gou mag want to reveai X , . T . ' < . —= ‘:LL‘»‘~ ‘. 1/ ~

10. i<u. Ai'rlre fftlilf’/ .w; e.ll»*'l’Jll’Al' t". llffl»‘fili‘“-121.’! /./ i.»". 'i Ti-nit-u its . eie: ily. ll-lielill " / .y»~'wri, i‘? ‘. r; l,; «_li; ;'. «Lfii cl”! /./ il; ’Efi’e‘ vs. -vIii'(: .l: ‘, in ; eniii~ any ‘iii/ Jill Ti'. ;"‘i¢3i'*: ’f_I. 'l. ,/at/ z', ,, '1’i~ieiiii '1/_A1'1_/ yJu. ‘.| |A_'1l‘. Al"i‘,1‘1(/ A11‘: l-iriglp/2?‘, tiiei eiii"ir. ii‘i'. .-iriztlimb; W1

11. 33‘1'0W C0.)/ ¢*dW@1101(S d1SO0V¢Wd V0W 1'0 d¢C1P1’@Y . an/ n1'S and 1'0 Cmllew WOVdS 1'0 COHVM m¢SSag¢. 1'V0lg Y0ll0d Oil 1'V0lY b0dl0S 1'0 00fVlfVlUfll00.1'0. F. W. I: 5 0 ; V— — . . theg instinctivelg knew that fear, annogance, surprise and love were different attitudes reguiring different gestures. .. A 3-. » 4“ V I ‘W . ‘§_

12. For over centuries, psgchologists. anthropologists, and even ecologists have been studging non-verbal behaviour throughout the animal kingdom to understand its implications and explore its possible applications in the broader field of human communication.

13. these experts recognise that applging the knowledge of non-verbal behaviour in practical settings allows people to communicate more successfullg than if theg relg purelg on the spoken word. ii iii

14. . _ I ¢ . V f 1 *2” r w . . . , _. /, -' ,1 I (‘L . P ~~ ~ . . “ . .J_ '1‘ ' Q 0 . - 1-X, - . ‘ , “ _ . I ' ‘ : ‘ 5:. ‘ 4 1 I5‘: (. . ' 4, T‘? ‘ . 5 ‘ ‘ :4 y , ., K‘, A 4:’. I V ‘A . A _ , :-rigs _ . 5' ~ 1 x -- l r-- 5- M / '- -' T‘ , _ I 15 '-. -e ‘:1: t . x' A " 4- ~ C . 'x‘- - .1 ~ , ;.—'_ a‘ , .'_ _ t : _., - ‘ ‘Qt? 1‘ 3 ‘ “ ' J "4? , /or : ~ * ~ » l 5i. ;‘: : » 1 ”‘*' K ’ ‘v"- <2 . . 4:. » . c at ‘ . ~_'; i ‘ to 1.. .. 4.1;’ '~_ ‘ e . ' . . . L. Research into primate behaviour concludes that non-verbal behaviour. including gestures and facial expressions, is a reliable source for conveging messages.

15. Wi0TV0Y lj0U like 1'0 1'iil'iiL 01’ lj0UYSOi‘1’ as (Hi Milli/ i0J OY li01', the 1Tl}1'i iS, lg0ll are.

16. And like all animals, the wag gou gesture, move, and position gour bodg tells an observer a lot more about gou than the words gou sag.

17. '. '~r ‘throughout the animal kingdom, bod language is a constant and reliable form of communication.

18. ' . in ! .r . .,~‘- throughout the animal kingdom, bod language is a constant and reliable form of communication. whether on two, four, or more legs, homo sapiens and the rest of the animal kingdom are constantt stein one another up as “ theg prepare or a riendlg, or unfriendig, « encounter. ii, ‘ ,

19. because of the structure and programming of the human bodg, its capable of sending a mgriad silent messages, whereas most animals are limited in the number of signals theg can conveg.

20. Although bodg language began with our ancient ancestors and long before vocal sounds turned into sophisticated words, onlg in the last co gears or so has bodg language been seriouslg studied.

21. During that time, people have come to appreciate the value of bodg language as a tool for enhancing interpersonal communication. J I

22. ._ ‘t | ' . .. ,‘. ‘I Politicians, actors, and high-profile individuals recognise the part that their bodies plag in conveging their messages.

23. tog performing specific actions and gestures, gou can create corresponding mental states.

24. tog performing specific actions and gestures, gou can create corresponding mental states. cg practising the gestures, gou experience the positive e ~ impact of bodg language A ‘ A . . and discover how to , pp create the image -- %; r‘‘, ‘ gou want.

25. eg improving gour reading of bodg language,

26. 6g improving gour reading of bodg language, understanding how gour bodg convegs messages, with

27. 6g improving gour reading of bodg language, understanding how gour bodg convegs messages, and recognising how mood and attitude are reflected “ in gour gestures and expressions,

28. tog improving gour reading of bodg language, understanding how gour bodg convegs messages, and recognising how mood and attitude are reflected . in gour gestures and expressions, gou have the upper hand in gour v c interpersonal communications. W, I

29. ,, s 6g recognising and responding to bodg signals gou can direct the flow of the conversation and facilitate meetings easilg and effectivelg. AA . -e é' jj

30. - , / ‘j the point of knowing bodg language is for gou to become conscious of the non-verbal communication, i both gour own and other people's.

31. the point of knowing bodg language is for gou to become conscious of the non-verbal communication, l both gour own and other people's. that wag, ittil aid gou in correcttg interpreting gestures, movements, and expressions, so as to St’ enhance gour communication. / ‘

32. Appreciating Cultural Differences

33. How much more exciting, interesting stimulating it is to live in a world with difference and diversitg, . rather than one in which evergthing A

34. even though gou appreciate the differences between cultures and nationalities, gou mag sometimes find gourself confused, scared, or even . repelled bg displags of bodg E language that are verg M. T‘. different from what / » A; _ goure used to. ,4 gp 1/ 3) ’t 1 . ..‘, fly” A A1"

35. For example, lets take a look at this "okag" gesture in which one make a circle with his index finger and thumb while the other fingers raised stighttg=

36. For example, lets take a look at this "okag" gesture in which one make a circle with his index finger and thumb while the other fingers raised slighttg: North Americans use this to indicate UK or approval.

37. For example, lets take a look at this "okag" gesture in which one make a circle with his index finger and thumb while the other fingers raised slighttg: North Americans use this to indicate UK or approval. / €; ':‘; s You're regarded as vulgar if you make this sign in Brazil.

38. For example, let's take a look at this "okag" gesture in which one make a circle with his index finger and thumb while the other fingers raised slighttg= North Americans use this to indicate IIH or approval. For the French, the gesture stands for zero or nothing. You're regarded as vulgar it you make this sign in Brazil.

39. For example, lets take a look at this "okag" gesture in which one make a circle with his index finger and thumb while the other fingers raised slighttg: North Americans use this F to indicate UK or approval. a , ’ Forthe French, the gesture stands for zero or nothing. _ / €; ':‘; s ’ Wm regarded as vulgar if When the Japanese make this you make this sign in Brazil. Sign them sig"am"gm°"eA'

40. Different nationalities and cultures use their bodies differenttg.

41. Dii’ 1’ 0TOYi1' l‘i0ii0Y'l0,ii1i0S Mid 00i1'WOS V30 1'V0iY b0di0S di‘i’f0Y0fi1'ilg. An acceptable gesture in one countrg mag land gou in some kind of trouble in another. @ erg ‘ I ,0 '0 0 x

42. before visiting or moving to another countrg, do gour homework and find I out whats suitable and whats not.

43. before visiting or moving to another countrg, do gour homework and find I out whats suitable and whats not. l g """""""" ’/ I , .,. A , before making a gesture, think / ‘« whether its appropriate and 9*“ , . acceptable before doing so.

44. Nuts 8. Bolts

45. KINESICS: THE CATEGORIES CF CESTURE the American anthropologist, Rag birdwhistell, was a pioneer in the studg of non-verbal behaviour.

46. l Illllfftlltrrl hi : :li'ie-: riTi: ll£. %. ti ii~. s:: iii: l: A the American anthropologist, R015 3iYdWi/ iS1'0ii, W05 0 Pi0fi00Y in the studg of non-verbal behaviour. He labelled this form of communication 'kinesics' as it relates to movement of individual bodg parts, or the bodg as a whole.

47. Kinesics conveg specific meanings that are open to cultural interpretation.

48. l<inesics conveg specific meanings that are open to cultural interpretation. the movements can be misinterpreted when communicating across cultures as most of them are carried out with littte, if ang, awareness.

49. Kinesics conveg specific meanings that are open to cultural interpretation. the movements can be misinterpreted when communicating across cultures as most of them are carried out with littte, if ang, awareness. in todags global environment, awareness of the meanings of different kinesic movements is important in order to avoid sending the wrong message.

50. building on birdwhistells work, Professor Paul bkman and his colleague wallace v Friesen classified kinesics into five categories: v .0 '0 O 0