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Learn about the advantages of sexual and asexual reproduction in different scenarios, how DNA is passed on, and the various forms of reproduction. Discover the significance of genetic variability for species survival and the potential consequences of lack of variability. Complete a summary assignment comparing the pros and cons of sexual and asexual reproduction.
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Lesson 5: Genetics and Reproduction Objective #1- Compare the advantages of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction in different situations.
Hereditary information (DNA) is passed on through reproduction • Reproduction is a process that makes new organisms from one or more parent organisms. • A species must pass on its DNA to the next generation to thrive.
There are 2 forms of reproduction: • Sexual reproduction • the joining of cells (gametes) from two parents to form an individual that is genetically different from parents • Example- sperm and egg
2) Asexual reproduction production of genetically identical offspring from a single parent • a- means “without” • Similar to cloning
Asexual reproduction • Mostly prokaryotes (bacteria) but some eukaryotes such as protists, fungi, and plants • There are 3 similar types of asexual reproduction • Binary fission • Spore formation • Budding
Most common type of asexual reproduction DNA replication followed by division into 2 equal parts Binary fission
Spore formation • Used mostly by fungi (puff balls) • DNA replication within cell and then covered by protective covering until parent cell later bursts and releases identical spores • Example- Anthracis bacillus
Similar to binary fission except that a single daughter cell is produced from an outgrowth on a larger parent cell Example- Hydra Budding
More efficient- if species is thriving then why change? All organisms can potentially reproduce No need to attract a mate In changing conditions, no genetic variability can lead to death of population Example- food crops suited to certain weather but then it changes = no food! Advantages and Disadvantages
Summary Assignment • Graphic Organizer: Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction • Read pg. 149 • Find 3 advantages and 1 major disadvantages to both sexual and asexual reproduction.