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AIR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION. FELIX RIZK. AIR POLLUTION – concentrated in the troposphere. Air pollution. Regional. Local. Global warming. Acid rain. indoor. Acid rain. smog. Ozone depletion. TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION. Primary/Criteria – already formed pollutants discharged directly into air.

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AIR POLLUTION

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  1. AIR POLLUTION FELIX RIZK

  2. AIR POLLUTION – concentrated in the troposphere Air pollution Regional Local Global warming Acid rain indoor Acid rain smog Ozone depletion

  3. TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION • Primary/Criteria – already formed pollutants discharged directly into air. Volatile Organic compounds Particulates – 90% natural Primary Carbon Monoxide – 50% of primary pollutants Nitrogen Oxides - NOX Sulfur oxides – SOX

  4. Geographic Levels of Air Pollution

  5. Primary Air Pollutants

  6. TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION contd. • SECONDARY – types of air pollutants formed between components already in the air: • Acid rain/snow – formed from water and SOX, NOX (primary). • Ozone – naturally in the stratosphere, but low-level ozone is formed from NOX and Oxygen near the ground surface (toxic), under strong sunlight conditions.

  7. SMOG – an example of both primary and secondary pollutants. • Smog conditions are worsened by temperature inversion – warm air over cool air near ground. SMOG Industrial or Gray air – a mixture of fog and smoke- London type smog (soot,sox,water) Photochemical or brown or LA type smog – mixture of CO, CO2, NOX, SOX, VOC, smoke + ozone produced under strong sunlight

  8. Photochemical Smog

  9. Temperature Inversion

  10. SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION • Typically, there are 2 common sources… Mobile sources – cars, trains, boats, planes Stationary sources – power Plants, factories, etc Artificial or cultural Air pollution Natural Sources – volcanic eruptions, salt sprays, dust storms, natural fires, coniferous trees

  11. Sources of Air Pollution

  12. EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION Material corrosion Freshwater kills Plant Health- SOX, ozone Air Pollution AIR POLLUTION Cancer – ex. Radon, Benzene, v. chloride Chronic/acute disorders Blood Disorders – Ex heavy metals, CO. Birth defects or teratogens

  13. Embryonic Periods of Teratogen Impacts

  14. INDOOR AIR POLLUTION • Can be deadlier because of higher concentration levels; causes sick building syndrome; best solution is max ventilation. Airfreshners formaldehyde Indoor Air Pollutants Household Cleaners Wood Smoke- Asbestos - carcinogen A Tobacco Smoke - carcinogen A Radon Gas - carcinogen A

  15. Smoking VS Chronic Diseases

  16. U.S. PREMATURE DEATHS

  17. ACID RAIN • Wet and dry acidic deposition with p H < 5. Acid Rain sources HCL from Coal plants - < 1%. SOX from Coal Plants/cars – 70% NOX from vehicles – 30% acid rain

  18. Global Warming?

  19. GLOBAL WARMING • CO2, water vapor, and CH4 are greenhouse gases that trap heat near the bottom of the Earth’s atmosphere. • CO2/H2O are controlled by natural cycles. The addition of large amounts of CO2 from fossil fuels burning is increasing the amount of CO2. More heat is being trapped presently 1 to 20 C since 1850s – GLOBAL WARMING!

  20. Carbon dioxide Emission

  21. Global Warming

  22. Evidence of Global Warming

  23. Historical Temperature Trend

  24. Potential Effects of Global Warming Change in veget- -ation belts; loss of some biological resources Change in Climatic belts - Can have effect on food production Global warming Melting of ice reservoirs – Coastal flooding Local weather change

  25. Recent Decline in Air Pollution

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