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PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM

PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM. PROF. DR. SUNTORO. PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM. Tanah masam -  multifactor stress  bnyak kendala Kendala tanah masam : 1. pH tanah rendah  Hub hara & mikrobia 2. kejenhan basa rendah : Podsolik < 35 % 3. Al, Mn dan Fe tinggi  Toksik 4. Fixsasi P tinggi

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PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM

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  1. PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM PROF. DR. SUNTORO

  2. PENGELOLAAN TANAH MASAM • Tanah masam - multifactor stress  bnyak kendala • Kendala tanah masam : 1. pH tanah rendah  Hub hara & mikrobia 2. kejenhan basa rendah : Podsolik < 35 % 3. Al, Mn dan Fe tinggi  Toksik 4. Fixsasi P tinggi 5. …….

  3. 5. defisiensi Ca, Mg , K, & hara mikro (Zn, Cu, Mo & B) 6. pelindian hebat 7. SiO2 / R2O3 < 2 8. mineral lempung kaolinit (1:1)  kurang aktif 9. KPK rendah 10. Kandungan mineral terlapukan 11. Musim kering jelas

  4. SEBARAN TANAH MASAM DI IND

  5. Pengelolaan tanah masam • Teknologi masukan Rendah  prinsip ADAPTASI TANAMAN • Teknologi Masukan Tinggi  Merubah kondisi tanah agar sesuai  Pengapuran • Reaksi Pengapuran : 3 CaCO3 + 3 H2O  3 Ca2+ + 3 HCO3- +3 OH- Al 3+ + 3 OH -  Al (OH)3.

  6. AKIBAT PENGAPURAN 1. terendapnya Al 2. menaikkan pH tanah 3. meningkatkan ketersediaan P 4. keracunan Al teratasi 5. Memberikan Ca dan atau Mg 6. kegiatan mikroorganisme meningkat 7. ketersediaan hara lain, mis. Mo 8. Struktur tanah meningkat

  7. Metode menentukan kebutuhan kapur : 1. dengan menitrasi tanah menggunakan larutan basa standar 1 me/100 g tanah setara dengan 2,25 ton CaCO3 per hektar (JARANG DIGUNAKAN)

  8. 2. dengan larutan penyangga (buffer solution) Tanah(5,5) + Lar buf (6,8)  pH (akir) (6,3) penurunan pH tanah sebesar 0,1 setara kebutuhan kapur 1 ton/hektar Kebutuhan Kapur = 1 x (6,8-6,3)/0,1 = 5 ton/ha (untuk menaikan pH 5,5 ke 6,8)

  9. 3. berdasarkan Al-dd 1,5 x me/100 g tanah Al-dd 1 me% Al-dd setara 1,5%Ca setara 1,65 ton CaCO3 per hektar misal : Al-dd 4 me% maka dibutuhkan 4 x 1,65 = 6,6 ton CaCO3 /hektar

  10. Bahan kapur & nilai netralisasi

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