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THE UDHR-1948

THE UDHR-1948. AN INTRODUCTION SUPPORTING BASE DOCUMENT IS THE UN CHARTER AS PART OF THE INTRNATIONAL BILL OF HUMAN RIGHTS (IBHR) The idea of bringing out a ‘bill’ for the mankind is borrowed from the earlier two bills:- the French and the American THE IBHR CONTAINS

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THE UDHR-1948

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  1. THE UDHR-1948 AN INTRODUCTION SUPPORTING BASE DOCUMENT IS THE UN CHARTER AS PART OF THE INTRNATIONAL BILL OF HUMAN RIGHTS (IBHR) The idea of bringing out a ‘bill’ for the mankind is borrowed from the earlier two bills:- the French and the American THE IBHR CONTAINS THE UDHR [1948] THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS (ICCPR) [1966] THE INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS (ICESCR) [1966]

  2. HISTORICALBACKGROUNDDOCUMENTS • MAGNA CARTA 1215 – freedom from arb. arrest, right to life, to property • ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS 1688 – right to fair trial • HABEAS CORPUS ACT 1679 – personal freedom • AMERICAN DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE – 1776 • AMERICAN CONSTITUTION – 1787 creation of limited government • AMERICAN BILL OF RIGHTS – 1791 ten amendments • FRANCH DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN -- 1789 EVENTS • BRITISH EVOLUTION OF RIGHTS • AMERICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE • FRENCH REVOLUTION • TWO WORLD WARS • ANNIHILATION OF JEWS. • IMPERIALISM THINKERS GREEKS AND STOICS, St. THOMAS AQUINAS, HUGO GROTIUS, THOMAS HOBBES, JOHN LOCKE

  3. PROVISIONS OF THE UDHR CLASSIFICATION OF THE PROVISIONS • GENERAL [ART. 1 and 2] – Equality, liberty and dignity of the individual. Responsibility of the international community to protect rights. • CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS [ART. 3-21] • ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS [ART. 22-27] • CONCLUDING PROVISIONS [ART.28-30]

  4. IMPORTANCE OF THEDECLARATION • It is universal. • It serves as a common standard for all. • It makes violation of rights an international concern. • It influenced the constitutions of all countries. • Creation of monitoring agencies under the ICCPR, the ICESCR and other treaties like CAT, CERD, CEDAW and CRC.

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