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What does WHAT WORKS have to do with my work?

What does WHAT WORKS have to do with my work?. Ross Feenan Manager, Offender Assessments CSNSW. What Works – now moving in 2 separate ways. RISK WHO TO TREAT (and how much). RESPONSIVITY HOW TO TREAT. NEED WHAT TO TREAT. Adherence to RNR Principles =  Recidivism. R-N-R Principles.

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What does WHAT WORKS have to do with my work?

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  1. What does WHAT WORKShave to do with my work? Ross FeenanManager, Offender AssessmentsCSNSW

  2. What Works – now moving in 2 separate ways

  3. RISK WHOTO TREAT (and how much) RESPONSIVITY HOWTO TREAT NEED WHATTO TREAT

  4. Adherence to RNR Principles =  Recidivism

  5. R-N-R Principles • Have changed our organisations since 2001 • ASSESSMENTS – VISAT, ROR, ORNI-R, LSI-R, LS-CMI, LS-RNR, YLSI, CVTRQ • PROGRAMS – Groupwork, evidence based, accredited and focused on “needs” • CASE MANAGEMENT AND INDIVIDUAL WORK?

  6. Snapshot of what Probation Officers Do Behind Closed Doors The Manitoba “Black Box” Study Bonta et. al. 2008

  7. Manitoba Black Box Study (Bonta et al., 2004, 2008) • 211 audiotapes of client interviews • Do offenders’ plans contain criminogenic needs? • Does supervision target identified criminogenic needs? • Are probation officers using the techniques associated with reduced recidivism (i.e., cognitive-behavioural strategies, problem-solving)? • Any differences?

  8. The “Big Four” & “Central Eight” Criminogenic Needs

  9. Assessment → Plans • Only 39% of identified needs (using the PRA) had a matching intervention strategy

  10. Adherence to the Need Principle?

  11. Probation Conditions & Recidivism • Compliance with the probation conditions is a fact of community supervision Rates adjusted for risk level  But too much emphasis can backfire

  12. Targeting Criminogenic Needs:Effecting Recidivism • Discussing criminogenic needs were related to reduced recidivism • More focus on criminogenic needs, lower the recidivism

  13. 2009 NSW Replication Study • Joanne Kennedy replicated Black Box study in 2009 • Total sample – 1,666 • Looked at the relationship between Assessment (LSI-R), case plan factors, case plan strategies and discussion case notes • Similar patterns were found

  14. Assessment → Plan (NSW)

  15. Discussion of Needs (NSW)

  16. STICS: (Strategic Training Initiative in Community Supervision) Training in the RNR model of Community Supervision Bonta, Bourgon, Rugge, Scott, Yessine, Gutierrez & Li (Nov 2011)

  17. STICS format • 3 Day Training • Teach skills to facilitate change in RNR framework • Teach the “how to” with clients • Provide structure • On-Going Clinical Support • Monthly STICS Meetings • Refresher Course • Feedback on audiotapes

  18. Effects on Probation Officers STICS Officers v Untrained “Control” Officers

  19. Relevant & Irrelevant Discussions? • Is time spent on… • Criminogenic needs • Focus on procriminal attitudes • Or… • Non-criminogenic needs • Probation conditions

  20. Addressing what matters most… Percent

  21. Overall Officer Interview Skills

  22. So Evidence says… • STICS changes PO behaviour • Enhances the officers’ RNR practices • More focus on criminogenic needs, especially antisocial attitudes • Less spent on non-criminogenic needs & the conditions of probation • Better relationship, structuring & cognitive-behavioural skills for interpersonal influence

  23. Effects on Clients

  24. Did STICS reduce recidivism? • Are client outcomes different? • “Personal” caseload recidivism rates at 1 & 2 Years • PO Effectiveness? • Before vs. After STICS

  25. Recidivism before STICS • Note: No Differences: STICS PO higher recidivism prior to training

  26. Recidivism after STICS • Note: 13% Difference • Even greater reductions in recidivism was achieved for those who continued with the monthly meetings, feedback and refresher courses (15% )

  27. 1 Year Recidivism Differences

  28. Intensive Training and Support in What Works Works! • Intensive RNR training improves PO skills & Interventions • Intensive RNR training reduces reoffending • On-going clinical support very important • Cognitive Behavioural skills hardest to learn • Requires time & clinical support SO HOW DO WE GET HOLD OF IT? Or do we attempt it ourselves??

  29. YES It works. Working with clients this way reduces recidivism. Adhering to RNR principles has to be organisational, functional, be supported in policy and in practice. NO Costly to put all staff through thorough training and have ongoing STICS type support Only one study so far Some staff are already over “What Works” Is it worth it?

  30. STICS Report More information on STICS: www.publicsafety.gc.ca Or contact ross.feenan@dcs.nsw.gov.au Manager, Offender AssessmentsCorrective Services NSW

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