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2.1 Properties are used to identify matter

2.1 Properties are used to identify matter. (6.1 pg 149-152). A property is a characteristic of a substance. There are two kinds of properties: Physical properties can be observed without changing the chemical structure of the substance .

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2.1 Properties are used to identify matter

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  1. 2.1 Properties are used to identify matter (6.1 pg 149-152)

  2. A property is a characteristic of a substance. There are two kinds of properties: • Physical properties can be observed without changing the chemical structure of the substance. • These include colour, density, and electrical conductivity.

  3. A property is a characteristic of a substance. There are two kinds of properties: • Chemical properties describe a possible chemical change (for example: reacts with water, reacts with oxygen) that a substance may undergo. • Chemical changes will produce a new substance with a different set of physical properties.

  4. Matter can be classified into groups:

  5. Mixtures are formed when two or more substances are put together, but are not chemically combined

  6. Pure substances (often called, simply, substances) have identical properties in every sample; e.g. pure table salt purchased in different cities will have identical properties.

  7. Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler materials. • The smallest particles of elements that can exist by themselves are called atoms.

  8. Compounds are substances, formed from two or more elements, in which the elements are always combined in the same fixed proportions. • Hydrogen and oxygen are elements, and water is the compound formed from 2 atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen.

  9. We represent elements with symbols, composed of one or two letters (NEVER more than 2 letters). • If the symbol is two letters, only the first is capitalized.

  10. Certain elements are NEVER found as single atoms in nature – they are listed in Table 1 pg.151. • You should know the ‘diatomic seven’.

  11. Compounds also can be represented with symbols. • Because they have more than one type of element they must show the symbols for all the elements that make them. (H2O is 2 H atoms and 1 O atom). • The # of atoms is represented by subscripts following the symbol of the element.

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