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The Renaissance. The Renaissance 1400-1600. Renaissance means “rebirth” – used to indicate that during this period, there was a revival of interest in the humanistic values of Classical Greece and Rome. Three major changes in the Renaissance. 1 . New focus on individual achievement
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The Renaissance 1400-1600 • Renaissance means “rebirth” – used to indicate that during this period, there was a revival of interest in the humanistic values of Classical Greece and Rome.
Three major changes in the Renaissance • 1. New focus on individual achievement • 2. Greater focus on the world than on the spiritual afterlife • 3. Widespread mingling of cultures, facilitated by easier travel and spread of printed materials
Renaissance Artists • Concentrated on the dignity of the individual human figure: Portraits of rulers exude self-confidence and splendor • Painters developed the techniques of perspective, three-dimensional representation and working with oils, with which the most detailed effects of light and shade could be rendered naturally.
Renaissance Architects • Used buildings from antiquity as models for their new buildings • Columns and rounded roofs replaced the soaring, spiky look of the medieval architecture
Renaissance writers • Put a new emphasis on self-expression and on the worth of the individual
Renaissance inventions • Printing in 1450 • The availability of books has an incalculable effect on education, fame of individuals, spread of scientific knowledge, growth of internationalism • Telescope and microscope changed the way people viewed their world • New lands are discovered
Renaissance Music • Printed music became widespread in the 16th century, greatly increasing the amount of available music. • Most educated people could either play an instrument or sing written music. • Professional musicians and composers most often found jobs at courts.
General Characteristics of Renaissance Music • Sound is much smoother and more homogeneous, with less contrast and a new polyphonic style based on imitation • Imitation – A form of polyphony in which all the musical lines present the same musical phrase one after the other. As each enters, the previous ones continue, so there is a constant sense of overlapping. • Strictest kind of imitation = round, all the voices sing exactly the same thing in turn • Free imitation = only the first few notes of a melodic phrase are sung by each entering voice; the voices then continue freely
Predominant types of music • 1. Liturgical • 2. Motets (Settings of Latin texts that are sacred but not liturgical • 3. Secular songs