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Recent development of tomato in Asia

Recent development of tomato in Asia. TBRT 6-8Feb2013, Chiangmai Narendra Singh. Asia – A diverse and geographically dispersed region. Tropical & subtropical (H&H and H&D) India, ASEAN, South China, Australia Temperate (Cool to cold )

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Recent development of tomato in Asia

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  1. Recent development of tomato in Asia TBRT 6-8Feb2013, Chiangmai Narendra Singh

  2. Asia – A diverse and geographically dispersed region • Tropical & subtropical (H&H and H&D) • India, ASEAN, • South China, Australia • Temperate (Cool to cold ) • North China, Korea, • Japan, Aust., NZ, Nth India • Wet (> 2,000 mm) to Dry (< 5mm) • Many languages & food habits & cultures • Rich to poor • GDP per capita from €0.5 k to € 27 k 5,000 km

  3. Vegetables in Asia • Asia Fast growing Veg. mkt: 1.1 bn€ in 2011 to 1.5 bn€ by 2015 • Growth in JP/KR/AUS/NZ/TN is stable • ~ 5-25% growth in other market • SA&SEA total veg market is ~300 mn€ growing to 511 mn€ by 2015 • Market growth is ~ 20-45% in 5 years depends on countries • Value addition by new traits • OP to F1 conversion

  4. Tomatoes in Asia SA&SEA vs Rest Asia • Originated in Peruvian & Mexican region • Introduced to Philippines by Spanish & spread thru SA • Domesticated in Asia and now is the biggest producer in the world • Tomato rank no.1 with approx 14% of total Asia veg. market • China stands no. 1 followed by JP,SA,KR, AU/NZ & ASEAN • Ranks no.2 in SA&SEA after Onion with ~ 9-10% of total veg mkt. The tomato was introduced to cultivation in the Middle East/Asia by John Barker, British consul in Aleppo circa 1799 to 1825.[5][6]

  5. Top 5 Tomato producing countries & trends (Mio Mt.) FAO Stat.

  6. Types of Tomato Developed &grown in Asia • A . Indeterminate : ( contribute 71% of total tomato mkt) • Pink >200g : JP,CN, KR,TW • Red 160-200g • Protect : JP, CN,KR,TW,ML • Open Field : CN, AU • Indet. Red 90-120g,OF : ID,IN,VN, MM • Cherry/Grape : 35-50g, Rd,Ovl. Growing with low rate because of fruit quality • Small size ( 50-70g) : Stable, mainly in JP

  7. Types of Tomato Developed &grown in Asia….. • B Determinate/ Semi Det.: ( contribute 29% of total tomato mkt) • Det,90-100g,RD/SQR/SQ,Red ( H&H, H&D) : IN,ID,PH,TH,BD,PK • Semi Det 90-110g,SQ/SQR (H&H, H&D) : IN, ID,VN,TH,MM • Det/Semi Det Acid Tom,70-90g, Flat/DOB : India • Det/SD Pink 40-60g : Thailand

  8. Estimated seed mkt. Value and trend

  9. Total market and trend as per growing culture Reference

  10. OPFmarket value

  11. Development in Tomato • Seed Production and Quality • Seed Production • Seed treatment • Seed coating and Palleting • Seed Germination • Variety / Hybrid development • High yield varieties • Wide adaptation • Hot & cold set • Disease resistance • Fruit Quality and Post harvest • LSL/ Keeping quality • Fruit colour • Transportability • Fruit Firmness • Cracking • Disease and Pest management • Diagnositcs • Screening technology • IPM • Fungicides & pesticides ☺ • Crop Management • Nursery raising • Agronomy • Cultivation Practices • Mulching, Pruning, Staking • Irrigation & Fertigation • Molecular Technolgy • Gene sequencing • Mol Markers • Fingerprint • QTL for polygenic traits

  12. 2000-2010 Hybrid & Trait Development progression 1990-2000 Yield, adaptation, fruit quality, & Strong Ty resistance and other disease resistance ( BW, EB, LB, Mi,St ) <1990 Yield and adaptation to off season cultivation & start disease resistance with mild TY, Tm,V F2 Concentrate on yield and agronomic traits • Det/Indetop variety • Introduction of hybrid • Short duration harvest varieties • Adapted in normal growing season ( winter or Rainy) • Grown mainly without staked • Poor keeping quality & less firm, no disease resistance • Low yield (10-15T/Ha) • Introduction of Semi Det hybrid • Long duration harvest hybrids • Extend season Adapt to off season • Mild Ty resistant • High yield and better firmness • BW tolerant • Better Yield & Strong Ty resistant • BW, TY, TM22, V,F2,Smt, EB, LB resistance • Improve keeping quality, Firm & LDT • F1 conversion faster • Enhance use of Markers

  13. Advances in young plant raising

  14. Advances in cultivation practices Sunny Green house Polu Mulch & Drip irrigation Drip irrigation Tomato under Plastic house staked Where there is will there is Tomato Without staked

  15. TOMATO Diseases and its spread Bacterial Wilt (BW) Early Blight (EB) Late Blight (LB) Fusarium wilt (FW) Tospovirus Begomovirus Diseases list Gray Leaf Spot Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) N N N Nematode CMV-subgroup II N N Powdery mildew Verticillium Bacterial leaf spot Remark; = new emergence since 2008 N

  16. Advances in disease screening TYLCV Resistant Varieties & screening PM screening LB screening

  17. Bacterial Wilt screening & resistant hybrids

  18. Advances in packing and transportation

  19. Key Challenges.... • Yield, Yield and high Yield • Multiple disease resistance with better fruit quality • Hot and cold set with fruit quality • Strong BW,TY,EB &LB with fruit quality for both Det & Indet • Better resistance source for TY, BW, LB • Resistance source for emerging diseases & races ( TOSPO,CMV, ..) • Screening protocols and Year round screening • Molecular markers for polygenic traits • Agronomic practices & ( fertilizer, irrigation, spacing). Technical know how to grow in Protected culture • Seed production and seed quality • Post harvest technology • Quality & disease free seed production

  20. Thanks

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