Chapter 18

1. Chapter 18 Becoming a World Power 1890-1913

2. Chapter 18 Section 1 The Pressure to Expand

4. I. Explain some of the reasons for the growth of imperialism around the world. • A. Why Imperialism Grew • Imperialism is a policy by a stronger nation to create an empire by dominating weaker nations economically, politically, culturally, or militarily. • 1- Economic factors – natural resources and markets • 2- Nationalist factors – devotion to one’s nation • 3- Military factors – bases • 4- Humanitarian factors – law, medicine, and religion

6. I. Explain some of the reasons for the growth of imperialism around the world. • B. Europe leads the way • British Empire controlled parts of Africa and Asia

8. II. Summarize the American view regarding imperialism prior to 1890. • A. Annex – join or attach • B. Promoting Economic Growth • 1- Expand American Markets • C. Protecting American Security • 1- Growth of the U.S. Navy • D. Preserving American Spirit – pioneer spirit • E. Public Opinion Leans toward Expansion

9. Chapter 18 Section 2 The Spanish-American War

10. I. Describe the ways in which the U.S. took advantage of several incidents in Latin America to reaffirm the Monroe Doctrine. • A. Arbitration • The settlement of a dispute by a person chosen to listen to both sides and come to a decision. • B. Cuban Rebellion • 1. Cuba rebelled against Spain • 2. Spain instituted a policy of reconcentration camps • 3. Cubans exiled to the U.S. • 4. Demand for U.S. intervention increased

11. II. Analyze the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War. • A. William Randolph Hurst • 1. Newspaper journalist – sensational headlines and stories. • 2. Jingoism – a feeling of intense national pride and a desire for an aggressive foreign policy.

12. II. Analyze the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War. B. Steps to War • 1. U.S.S. Maine moved to Havana, Cuba harbor to protect American citizens and property. • 2. de Lome letter – Spanish ambassador described President McKinley as weak. • 3. U.S.S. Maine sank after an explosion “Remember the Maine” • 4. Philippines Islands • a) Spain’s last possession • b) Theodore Roosevelt – Assistant Sec of Navy • c) Key base area of Asia

15. II. Analyze the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War. C. A Splendid Little War • 1. First action in the Philippines – surprise attack • 2. Destroyed Spain’s entire fleet in Pacific • 3. Rough Riders – Theodore Roosevelt • a) Charge up San Juan Hill • 4. More Americans died of food poisoning and disease than from combat.

16. II. Analyze the events leading up to and following the Spanish-American War. D. Treaty of Paris 1898 • 1. Recognized Cuba’s Independence • 2. U.S. gave $20 Million to Spain, but gained • a) Philippines • b) Puerto Rico • c) Guam

18. III. Identify the areas after the war where the U.S. gained influence and new territories. A. Philippines • 1. “unfit for self-government” • 2. rebels fought Americans for independence • 3. Independence 1946

19. III. Identify the areas after the war where the U.S. gained influence and new territories. B. Cuba and Puerto Rico 1. Cuba – independent a) U.S. promised not to annex b) Military government ruled c) U.S. established two naval bases 2. Puerto Rico – did not gain independence a) Citizenship in 1917

21. III. Identify the areas after the war where the U.S. gained influence and new territories. C. Pacific 1. Hawaii a) Economic trade - sugar b) Military – Pearl Harbor c) Queen Liluokalani 1) Opposed U.S. control 2) Dole removed her from power d) Annexed in 1898 e) Statehood 1959 2. Samoa a) Polynesian Islands b) Stepping stones to Asia

23. III. Identify the areas after the war where the U.S. gained influence and new territories. C. Pacific 3. An open door to China a) Markets b) Sphere of Influence- areas of economic and political control c) Open Door Policy – favoring open trade relations

24. Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Policy