Eating Disorders

1. Eating Disorders Senior Health

2. Objectives • Differentiate between common eating disorders • Identify warning signs, risk factors, and symptoms • Discuss how to help an individual with an eating disorder

3. Introduction • Eating disorders are conditions that cause a person to have unhealthy thoughts and behaviors related to food and body image • People go to the extreme with their food habits to personally address their condition • Causes of eating disorders are thought to be due to a number of physical, psychological, cultural, and social factors

4. Introduction Continued. . . • Eating disorders most common in teenage girls and young women, however they can occur in any sex or at any age • Those with the disorders may develop serious health problems (malnutrition, dehydration) • Other health risks • Menstrual period changes • Osteoporosis • Heart and organ complications Primary Treatment is counseling

5. True or False?

6. Quick Facts • HERE WE GO. . . • Over 8 million people in the United States • 95% of those people between ages 13-25 • ½ of girls between the ages of 11 and 13 see themselves as overweight • 42% of 1st through 3rd grade girls want to be thinner • 80% of 10 year olds are afraid of becoming fat • What percentage of people with eating disorders are men??? • 10%

7. What is Anorexia (Nervosa)? • What do people with Anorexia do? • People with Anorexia have an INTENSE fear of gaining weight. They severely limit the amount of food they eat, thus becoming dangerously thin. • Affects the body AND mind. A simply diet becomes an obsession and gets out of control (food, dieting, weight loss) • Distorted body image…

8. Anorexia Nervosa • Starts in teen years and usually affects females • Early treatment can be very effective, however if left untreated it can become a lifelong issue… early treatment is key. • If untreated, it can lead to starvation and other serious health issues: • Osteoporosis… • Kidney damage/failure • Heart problems • Change in menstrual cycle

9. Symptoms of Anorexia • People with the disorder are often in DENIAL or do not realize that have a problem • Loved ones usually are the ones to get help • Characteristics of those with Anorexia: • Weigh much less than healthy or normal • Are VERY afraid of gaining weight • Refuse to stay at a health weight • THINK they are overweight when they are thin (body image) • Obsess about food, weight, dieting • Limit their food intake • Over-exercise… • Go to the extreme to lose weight

10. Anorexia Diagnosis • A person’s weight will be compared to a normal weight for someone of the same height and age • Examinations on heart, lungs. BP, skin, hair… • Blood work… • “How do you feel?”…

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12. What is Bulimia (Nervosa)? • What do people with bulimia do? • Binge and purge • Binging- eating a large amount of food in a short period of time • Purging- doing something to get rid of the food • Self Induced Vomiting • Over exercise • Medicines/laxatives

13. What is Bulimia? • Binge and Purge Cycle • People binge because it gives them a feeling of comfort • Eating too much then makes them feel out of control • After they binge, they feel ashamed, guilty, and afraid of gaining weight • Purging occurs

14. Health Risks • Acid from vomiting results in tooth decay, gum disease, and loss of tooth enamel • Osteoporosis • Kidney damage/failure • Heart problems

15. Symptoms of Bulimia • Binging on a regular basis • Large amounts of food are consumed over a couple of hours or less. While this is happening, people feel they are unable to stop eating and feel hopeless • In an effort to avoid weight gain, people purge by: • vomiting • Exercising very hard for a long time • misusing laxatives, enemas, water pills (diuretics), and other medicines

16. Bulimia • How can I know if someone has bulimia? • Bulimia is different from Anorexia…how? • Someone with Bulimia may be at a normal… • People with Bulimia are very, very, very….??? • SECRETIVE • What they do: • Go to the bathroom right after meals • Overeat but do not gain weight • Are secretive about eating, hides food, do not eat around others • Has teeth marks or calluses on the back of her hands or swollen cheeks or jaws…this is caused by self induced vomiting

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18. Treatment of Eating Disorders • Early treatment is crucial because the longer it is there, the harder it is to rid • Those with only a few signs/symptoms should get help NOW • Treatment can teach someone healthy eating habits and boost self confidence • Physical only, right? • You may see a doctor, dietician, and counselor…hospital? • Treatment takes time and people can fall back into the disorder

19. Causes of Eating Disorders • Causes are UNCLEAR and experts are in the dark about them • Factors may include family history, social factors, and personality traits • You may be more likely to have anorexia if: • A family member has had an eating disorder • Job/sport stresses body size… • You’re a perfectionist, never feel good enough, worries a lot • You’re dealing with stressful events…

20. What should you do? • Tell someone who can make a difference • Parent • Teacher • Counselor • Doctor • Martin Mullarney SOONER THE BETTER!!!

21. Other Eating Disorders • Binge Eating Disorder: Frequent episodes of eating what others consider abnormally large amounts of food…you are unable to control your eating, despite being full. • Elevated risk factors… • Disordered Eating: your eating habits have no sequence…restricting dieting, infrequent binging, infrequent purging, laxative abuse, diet pill abuse