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World War I Wrap-up

Fourteen Points “Peace w/o Victory” Self-Determination and Independence Arms Reduction Free Trade and Freedom of Seas League of Nations and Open Diplomacy. Treaty of Versailles a Peace of Vengeance War Guilt Clause Unlimited Reparations Breakup of Germany

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World War I Wrap-up

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  1. Fourteen Points “Peace w/o Victory” Self-Determination and Independence Arms Reduction Free Trade and Freedom of Seas League of Nations and Open Diplomacy Treaty of Versailles a Peace of Vengeance War Guilt Clause Unlimited Reparations Breakup of Germany Continued colonialism; some new states Continued militarism Trade Barriers Treaty and League rejected by U.S. Senate But…1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact: Treaty signed by 62 nations (including U.S.) outlawed war World War I Wrap-up

  2. A Return to “Normalcy” • Warren Harding (R) elected in 1920 • Called for a return to “Normalcy” • What meant by “Normalcy”? • End era of Progressive reforms • Conservative policies favoring business • Less foreign entanglement • Reduce spending & debt (govt. surplus) • Laissez faire vs. Protective Tariffs • Republicans gain control of Congress • 3 Conservative Republican Presidents: Harding, Coolidge, Hoover • Appointed four conservative Supreme Court Justices • William Howard Taft

  3. Teapot Dome Scandal • Several Government Corruption scandals • Naval oil reserves in Teapot Dome, WY and Elk Hills, CA • Secretary Albert Fall, Dept of Interior • Convinces Sec. Denby of Navy to secretly transfer lands to Interior Dept. • Fall leases oil-rich land to oilmen Sinclair and Doheny for a $100,000 bribe • Court case lasted 5 years: 1924 to 1929 • Fall found guilty of bribery  one year in jail • Sinclair and Doheny acquitted • Public furor: “guilty until proven rich”?

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