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1920s America: Transition and Turmoil

Explore the aftermath of World War I with the Treaty of Versailles and League of Nations, followed by the return to "Normalcy" under Harding, Coolidge, and Hoover. Delve into the corrupt Teapot Dome Scandal and conservative policies shaping the era.

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1920s America: Transition and Turmoil

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  1. Fourteen Points “Peace w/o Victory” Self-Determination and Independence Arms Reduction Free Trade and Freedom of Seas League of Nations and Open Diplomacy Treaty of Versailles a Peace of Vengeance War Guilt Clause Unlimited Reparations Breakup of Germany Continued colonialism; some new states Continued militarism Trade Barriers Treaty and League rejected by U.S. Senate But…1928 Kellogg-Briand Pact: Treaty signed by 62 nations (including U.S.) outlawed war World War I Wrap-up

  2. A Return to “Normalcy” • Warren Harding (R) elected in 1920 • Called for a return to “Normalcy” • What meant by “Normalcy”? • End era of Progressive reforms • Conservative policies favoring business • Less foreign entanglement • Reduce spending & debt (govt. surplus) • Laissez faire vs. Protective Tariffs • Republicans gain control of Congress • 3 Conservative Republican Presidents: Harding, Coolidge, Hoover • Appointed four conservative Supreme Court Justices • William Howard Taft

  3. Teapot Dome Scandal • Several Government Corruption scandals • Naval oil reserves in Teapot Dome, WY and Elk Hills, CA • Secretary Albert Fall, Dept of Interior • Convinces Sec. Denby of Navy to secretly transfer lands to Interior Dept. • Fall leases oil-rich land to oilmen Sinclair and Doheny for a $100,000 bribe • Court case lasted 5 years: 1924 to 1929 • Fall found guilty of bribery  one year in jail • Sinclair and Doheny acquitted • Public furor: “guilty until proven rich”?

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