TX History Ch. 18 and 20

1. TX History Ch. 18 and 20

2. #1 Who first brought cattle to Texas (America)? American settlers Spanish explorers A: B: European explorers Indians C: D:

3. B. Spanish explorers

4. #2 What were the characteristics of the cattle? Short, strong with big horns. Tall, muscled with big horns. A: B: Tall, rangy, hardy with six feet horns. Small, skinny with six feet horns. C: D:

5. C. Tall, rangy, with six feet horns.

6. #3 Why were cattle first branded? To show the cow’s name. To show ownership. A: B: To show the state. To show what kind of cow. C: D:

7. B. To show ownership

8. #4 What did the brands of the Anglo Americans and the brands of the Spanish often represent? Spanish were large designs; Anglo Americans were small designs. Spanish were fancy designs; Anglo Americans were initials. A: B: Spanish were large initials; Anglo Americans were small initials. Spanish were large designs; Anglo Americans were initials. C: D:

9. C. Spanish were large designs; Anglo Americans were initials.

10. #5 From where did the origin of the cowboy come? Spanish and French vaqueros. Spanish and Mexican vaqueros. A: B: French and Mexican vaqueros. Spanish and Indian vaqueros. C: D:

11. B. Spanish and Mexican vaqueros.

12. #6 What did the Anglos borrow from the vaqueros? Cows, roping, chaps, saddles and Spanish terms for equipment and practices. Horses, roping, chaps, saddles and Spanish terms for equipment and practices. A: B: Horses, cows, roping, chaps and Spanish terms for equipment and practices. Horses, roping, chaps, saddles and Indian terms for equipment and practices. C: D:

13. Horses, roping, chaps, saddles and Spanish terms for equipment and practices.

14. #7 What was the major problem faced by Anglo ranchers? Lack of ranches. Lack of cowboys. A: B: Lack of water. Lack of markets. C: D:

15. D. Lack of markets.

16. #8 Before the Civil War, for what were most cattle slaughtered? Hides and tallow Hides and meat A: B: Meat and milk Tallow and meat C: D:

17. A. Hides and tallow

18. #9 What did the old Spanish land grant Santa Gertrudis become • Shoe Bar Ranch King Ranch A: B: XIT Ranch Chisholm Ranch C: D:

19. B. King Ranch

20. #10 What changes made trail driving profitable after the Civil War? Herds roamed wild; prices dropped; railroads expanded’ driving trails were lessoned. Herds roamed wild; price was $30 to $40 a head; railroads expanded, driving trails were lessoned. A: B: Herds roamed wild; price was $30 to $40 a head; railroads expanded, driving trails were economical. Herds roamed wild; price we $30 to $40 a head; railroads and driving trails were expensive. C: D:

21. D. Herds roamed wild; price was $30 to $40 a head; railroads expanded, driving trails were economical.

22. #11 What were Missouri farmers unhappy about? Herds not passing through their state. Herds helping pave trails. A: B: Herds destroyed crops. Herds were used to plant crops. C: D:

23. C. Herds destroyed crops.

24. #12 What did the Missouri farmers do about the problem of herds destroying crops? Blocked trails by building fences and barricades. Blocked trails with cattle and barricades. A: B: Blocked trails by fences and cattle. Blocked rivers by fences and barricades. C: D:

25. A. Blocked trails by building fences and barricades.

26. #13 Why were cattle drives begun? Find better fields. Find better markets. A: B: Find better water. Find better ranches. C: D:

27. B. Find better markets.

28. #14 What trail was between Texas and Missouri? Chisholm Goodnight-Loving A: B: Sedalia Waco C: D:

29. C. Sedalia

30. #15 What trail was named after a Native American trail? Sedalia Goodnight-Loving A: B: McCoy Chisholm C: D:

31. D. Chisholm

32. #16 What trail was used for moving cattle to New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming and Montana? Sedalia Goodnight-Loving A: B: Chisholm King C: D:

33. B. Goodnight-Loving

34. #17 Who convinced the railroads and cattle drives to meet further west in order to avoid Missouri? Joseph G. Mccoy Santa Gertrudis A: B: Andy Adams Charles Stringo C: D:

35. A. Joseph G. McCoy

36. #18 Why was trail driving difficult? Long days, dangers, stampedes, raids and lack of sleep and cattle. Long days, dangers, stampedes, raids and lack of sleep or food. A: B: Long days, dangers, stampedes, raids and lack of sleep or water. Long days, dangers, stampedes, raids and lack of sleep and trails. C: D:

37. C. Long days, dangers, stampedes, raids and lack of sleep and water.

38. #19 What was the job of the wrangler? Took care of cowboys. Took care of horses. A: B: Took care of cows. Took care of sheep. C: D:

39. B. Took care of horses.

40. #20 Why did the cattle drives end shortly after 1885? Cattle prices fell, barbed wire fences, cattle left and railroads were built. Cattle prices fell, wood fences, cattle disease, and railroads were built. A: B: Cattle prices fell, barbed wire fences, cattle disease, and railroads were built. Cattle prices increased, barbed wire fences, cattle disease, and railroads were built. C: D:

41. D. Cattle prices fell, barbed wire fences, cattle disease, and railroads were built.

42. #21 What opened the Panhandle and Great Plains of West Texas to ranching? Loss of cows and removal of Native Americans. Loss of buffalo and removal of Anglo Americans. A: B: Loss of cows and removal of Anglo Americans. Loss of buffalo and removal of Native Americans. C: D:

43. D. Loss of buffalo and removal of Native Americans.

44. #22 What were the small hardy horses of the westerns plains that descended from horses brought by the Spanish? Shetland Ponies Mustangs A: B: Miniature Horses Mules C: D:

45. B. Mustangs

46. #23 What ranch was founded by Thomas Bugbee? King Ranch XIT Ranch A: B: Shoe Bar Ranch Waggoner Ranch C: D:

47. C. Shoe Bar Ranch

48. #24 Why did sheep ranching increase after the Civil War? Growing demand for wool. Decrease demand for cotton. A: B: Growing demand for meat. Decrease demand for hides. C: D:

49. A. Growing demand for wool.

50. #25 Why did sheep ranchers face the hostility of cattle ranchers and farmers? Sheep ate the grass too short, ruining ranges; and trampled cattle. Sheep ate the grass too short, ruining ranges; and trampled crops. A: B: Sheep ate the grass too short, ruining the woods; and trampled crops. Sheep ate the grass too short, ruining cattle; and trampled herds. C: D: