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Nitrogen Applications with a Remote Sensing Ground Rig – The GreenSeeker

Nitrogen Applications with a Remote Sensing Ground Rig – The GreenSeeker. G. V. Johnson, W. R. Raun, J.B. Solie, and M.L. Stone Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK. Conventional N Management for Oklahoma. Conventional Strategy is Easy and Profitable.

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Nitrogen Applications with a Remote Sensing Ground Rig – The GreenSeeker

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  1. Nitrogen Applications with a Remote Sensing Ground Rig – The GreenSeeker G. V. Johnson, W. R. Raun, J.B. Solie, and M.L. Stone Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK

  2. Conventional N Management for Oklahoma

  3. Conventional Strategy is Easy and Profitable. Crop N requirement = 2 lb N/bu yield Average profit from N = $36/acre/yr

  4. Poor NUE

  5. Poor NUE • Result of mineral N present at concentrations in excess of plant needs. • Soil-Plant system leaks in proportion to excess mineral N. • Excess N = f (yield potential, supply of non-fertilizer N. • Typically: • All fertilizer-N applied before crop needs any. • Entire field receives same rate.

  6. Address Temporal and Spatial Variability

  7. Temporal variability • Uncertain yield potential

  8. Temporal variability • Uncertain use (availability) of non-fertilizer N

  9. Temporal variability (N Response; RI) • Range = 1.0 to 4.1 • Mean = 1.9 • CV = 38

  10. Temporal variability

  11. 90 N Preplant 45 N Preplant Solutions • Estimate N response in-season. RINDVI = 1.46

  12. In-SeasonEstimatedYield (INSEY) NDVI at F5 = days from planting to F5, GDD>0 +Good predictor of final grain yield+Requires only one sensor reading+Work over different regions/biotypes Units: N uptake, kg ha-1 day-1 where GDD>0

  13. Can establish reliable equation to predict yield in 2 years

  14. Kenneth Failes, Cherokee, OK (March 20, 2002) RI = 0.60/0.57 = 1.1 Predicted yieldwith N fertilization(YPN) RI N-Rich Strip days from planting to sensing Predicted yieldwith no added Nfertilization (YP0) Planting date Farmer Check NDVI (sensing date) INSEY = (NDVI/days from planting to sensing where GDD>0)YPN = YP0 * RIFertilizer N = (Grain N uptake at YPN – Grain N uptake at YP0)/0.7

  15. Response to topdress N

  16. Response to topdress N

  17. Response to topdress N

  18. Economic estimates Average Gain = $17.13/acre/yr

  19. Spatial variability

  20. Solutions • Measure and treat spatial variability

  21. Solutions • Measure and treat spatial variability, in-season

  22. Solutions • Measure and treat spatial variability, in-season

  23. Solutions • Measure and treat spatial variability, in-season • Apply most N topdress

  24. Output: Potential yield without N, potential yield with N, N fertilizer needed (1) NDVI collected from NRich Strip & Farmer Practice Enter: Max Yield for areaPlanting date, sensing date, NDVI values from (1) Procedure

  25. http://www.soiltesting.okstate.edu/SBNRC/SBNRC.phphttp://www.dasnr.okstate.edu/nitrogen_usehttp://www.soiltesting.okstate.edu/SBNRC/SBNRC.phphttp://www.dasnr.okstate.edu/nitrogen_use

  26. Solutions Must have “Qualified Engineer” to fix what “Agronomy Personnel” tear up

  27. Topdress N Return ($/Ac) Obs. Treatment Preplant N Early Late Total N Yld (bu/a) 81 VRT 41 15 23 79 39.8 100 17 Farmer Check 52 21 20 92 34.6 82 2002 Field trials • 10 trials using 60-ft boom sensor-applicator. • Web site. • http://www.dasnr.okstate.edu/nitrogen_use/

  28. What is Happening Now? • Field Scale Recommendations (Hand-held) • Ciudad Obregon, Mexio 10-2002, 108-2003 • Saraguro, Ecuador, 5-2002, 15-2003 • Oklahoma, 25-2002, >100 2003 Variable N Rate Applications Oklahoma 10-2001, 15-2002, >50-2003 Minnesota, 5-2002, >15 2003 Nebraska, 1-2001, 1-2002 (corn)

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