Latin Americans Win Independence

1. CH. 24-1 Latin Americans Win Independence

2. Latin American Social Classes Hierarchy Peninsulares Creoles Mestizos Mulattos Africans Indians

3. Independence for Haiti • Why did slaves in the French colony of Saint-Dominique revolt? • Whites used brutal methods to terrorize and dehumanize • Tried to keep them powerless • Slaves outnumbered their masters

4. Independence for Haiti • What events led up to General Dessalines’s declaration of independence for Haiti? • Toussaint L’Ouverture became leader of the revolution (imprisoned) • General Dessalines took over the rebellion

5. South American Wars of Independence • How did events in Europe lead to revolution in the Spanish colonies? • Motivated by enlightenment ideals • Creoles revolted against Spanish colonial rule when Napoleon made his brother(who was not Spanish) king of Spain

6. South American Wars of Independence • What tactics did Jose de San Martin and Simon Bolivar use to defeat Spanish forces in South America? • Bolivar used surprise tactics to defeat the Spanish in Bogota. • San Martin (with help) drove Spanish out of Chile • 2 leaders met in Ecuador, join forces (under Bolivar’s command) and win independence for Peru

7. End of Spanish Rule in Mexico • What is the significance of the grito de Dolores? • With the cry of Dolores, Padre Miguel Hidalgo called upon peasants to rebel against Spanish rule.

8. End of Spanish Rule in Mexico • What roles did Indians, mestizos, and creoles play in Mexico’s independence from Spain? • Indians and mestizos began the revolution • Later, creoles (fearing the loss of privileges under a new liberal regime in Spain) supported independence

9. Latin American Revolutions