1 / 20

Early Modern World:

Early Modern World:. The Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther. The protestant Reformation. People began to question the church c orruption c ould think for themselves Erasmus and Sir Thomas Moore sought reform within the Catholic Church church was slow to respond. Luther and His ideas.

armine
Download Presentation

Early Modern World:

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Early Modern World: The Protestant Reformation and Martin Luther

  2. The protestant Reformation • People began to question the church • corruption • could think for themselves • Erasmus and Sir Thomas Moore sought reform within the Catholic Church • church was slow to respond

  3. Luther and His ideas • Catholic church had begun selling indulgences • pardons from punishment for committing a sin • Church used this money to build St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome • Martin Luther • monk • Ninety-Five Theses • challenged the sell indulgences.

  4. Luther and His Ideas • Beliefs • faith in God = salvation • read and understand the Bible for yourself • The Pope excommunicated Luther • expelling him from the Church. • Luther burned the Pope’s decrees.

  5. Luther and His Ideas • Luther was summoned to appear before Charles V (the Holy Roman Emperor) and representatives of the German states • Luther refused to recant (take back) his writings and was banned as an outlaw • Diet (assembly) of Worms • Created the Lutheran Church • Translated the New Testament into German • Reformers became known as Protestants

  6. Early Modern World: Later Reformers and Reform

  7. Later Reformers • The printing press helped Luther spread his ideas • John Calvin • Calvinists • God was all-knowing, it was pre-destined (already decided by God) who would be saved and who would be damned • encouraged hard work, a strict moral code, and saw worldly success as God’s favor.

  8. Effects of the Reformation • End of Religious Unity • Europe’s religious differences led to warfare between Protestants and Catholics • Growth of Royal Power • Henry VIII broke with the Pope and became the head of the Church of England in 1534 • Persecution • Rulers tried to ensure that their subjects were all of one faith which led to the persecution of religious minorities

  9. The Catholic Counter-Reformation • The Council of Trent (1545-1563) • Held to redefine Catholic beliefs and to stop the spread of Protestantism • ended the sale of indulgences • The Inquisition • Used by Church officials to end heresy by force • Trials were held to examine, often torture, those who opposed or denied church teachings

  10. The Catholic Counter-Reformation • The Jesuits • Ignatius Loyola • 1534 • dedicated to defending and spreading the Catholic faith

  11. Early Modern World: The Pol, Artistic, and Eco Impact of the Reformation

  12. The Political Impact • Catholic Countries • France • Italy • Spain • Southern Germany • Protestant Countries • Northern Germany • Holland • Scandinavia

  13. The Political Impact • Henry VIII wanted a divorce • Pope said “NO” • Henry made his own church- Church of England (Anglican)

  14. The Political Impact • Wars between Catholics and Protestants began in the 1520s and lasted for more than a century. • During the Thirty Years War, 1/3 of the German population was killed.

  15. The Political Impact • The power of secular rulers was strengthened, • Protestant countries- didn’t recognize the Pope, • Catholic countries- help fight Protestantism. • Queen Elizabeth I of England maintained a moderate form of Protestantism and defended England from attacks by Catholic Spain.

  16. The Artistic and Economic Impact • Catholic art glorified Jesus, Mary and the Saints. • Many Protestants felt that it was wrong to depict God and painted landscapes or “still life.” • The economy was stimulated in Northern Europe because the Church no longer collected taxes and by the need for new war goods.

  17. Notebook Assignment • Create a graphic organizer describing the causes and effects of the Reformation.

More Related