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The End of the Vietnam War

The End of the Vietnam War. 1968. Johnson says no to reelection Negotiations begin in Paris-nothing accomplished, argue over everything-U.S. wants no more NVA + Thieu (SV)government NV wants coalition govt. including VC Nixon elected. 1969. Growing discontent Woodstock

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The End of the Vietnam War

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  1. The End of the Vietnam War

  2. 1968 • Johnson says no to reelection • Negotiations begin in Paris-nothing accomplished, argue over everything-U.S. wants no more NVA + Thieu(SV)government • NV wants coalition govt. including VC • Nixon elected

  3. 1969 • Growing discontent • Woodstock • Nixon begins Vietnamization • But “Peace with Honor” is goal-so bombing continues

  4. The Madman Theory • “I call it the madman theory, Bob. I want the north Vietnamese to believe I’ve reached the point where I might do anything to stop the war. We’ll just slip the word to them that “for God’s sake, you know Nixon is obsessed about Communists. We can’t restrain him when he’s angry and he has his hand on the nuclear button”-and Ho Chi Minh himself will be in Paris in two days begging for peace.”

  5. 1970 • Bombing continues/increased into Cambodia • April 30, 1970-announces invasion of Cambodia to clear out NVA and VC supply centers “If when the chips are down, the world’s most powerful nation…acts like a pitiful, helpless giant, the forces of totalitarianism and anarchy will threaten free nations…throughout the world.” • College campuses erupt in Protest • Kent St.-National guard fires into the crowd, killing four • Jackson St.-10 days later, all black school, National Guard fire on crowd, 12 students wounded, 2 killed • Congress acted to repeal Tonkin Gulf Resolution

  6. 1971 • More troops coming home • Pentagon Papers published • No support of free elections in 1954 • War plans prior to Tonkin Gulf. • No plan to end war

  7. 1972 • NV launch largest offensive since Tet • Huge U.S. bombing campaign • Oct. 1972 Kissinger reached peace agreement when dropped insistence of removal of NVA troops • Thieu rejects peace • Nixon launches Christmas bombing of NV 100,000 bombs for 11 straight days • Calls to end the war came from Congress, China, USSR, streets of the US

  8. 1973 • January 27, 1973 agreement ending war and restoring peace in Vietnam • NVA troops can stay • U.S. will respond with full force if peace is broken • March 29, 1973 Last U.S. combat troops leave for home • November 1973 Congress passes the War Powers Act • President must inform Congress within 48 hours of sending troops into hostile area w/o declaration of war • -Troops may remain no longer than 90 days without Congressional approval or declaration of war

  9. 1975 • NV launches full-scale invasion of South • U.S. send aid, not troops •  Ford, “America can regain its sense of pride that existed before Vietnam. But it cannot be achieved by refighting a war that is finished as far as America is concerned” • April 30, 1975 North Vietnam captures Saigon

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