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Leader Traits and Attributes

Leader Traits and Attributes. June 11 th , 2013 Thaddeus Ewald xxx. Overview. Background Academic Progression Rise of Trait Research Rotation Design and the Leader Situationism Model Resurgence Empirical Summary of Leader Trait Research. I. Background.

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Leader Traits and Attributes

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  1. Leader Traits and Attributes June 11th, 2013 Thaddeus Ewald xxx

  2. Overview • Background • Academic Progression • Rise of Trait Research • Rotation Design and the Leader SituationismModel • Resurgence • Empirical Summary of Leader Trait Research

  3. I. Background • Concept: That certain traits and characteristics distinguish leaders from non-leaders. • From antiquity, observers and cultures have sought to explain what makes a ‘good’ leader • Galton • Terman: first empirical study

  4. Trait • Ambiguity over the word trait • trait: - trait: “neuropsychic structure having the capacity to render many stimuli functionally equivalent, and to initiate and guide equivalent (meaningfully consistent) forms of adaptive and expressive behavior.” (Allport, 1961)

  5. II. Academic Progression • The thesis that leaders have particular qualities was compelling and enduring: • Antiquity through Early 20th Century • Stogdill’s work initiated period of skepticism • Recent renewal of the trait and individual difference approaches

  6. a. Rise of Trait Research • Growing interest in mental testing • Mental Ability Tests in WWI • Stogdill and Mann • Intellgience, Scholarship, Participation, Sociability, Initiative, Confidence, Dominance, etc. • Focus on Descriptive Research • Objections based on Situational Imperatives

  7. b. Rotation Design and the Leader Situationism Model • Rotation Design: research paradigms that varied group situations to test the hypothesis that leader status is stable. • Barnlund Study • Leader Situationism Models • Fiedler’s Contingency Model

  8. c. Resurgence • Circa 1980s • Statistical Re-evaluation • Lord, De Vader, Alliger • Rotation Design Studies • Kenny and Zaccaro • Conclusions: “leaders who emerged in one group situation also were seen as leaders in different groups with different numbers, and across different situations, requiring different leadership responses.”

  9. III.Empirical Summary of Leader Trait Research

  10. IV. Conclusions • Leaders DO differ from non leaders on a number of attributes • Leadership is best predicted by a combination of attributes • Critical leader attributes include traits that promote ability to respond effectively across situations

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